A look at two different beanercel hurricanes during the 2013 North Atlantic hurricane season.

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Hurricanes Humberto and Gonzalo​

25 May 2013 04:41 UTC-15 October 00:00 UTC​

Region​

Atlantic Ocean, Bermuda

Satellites​

Meteosat-10

Instruments​

Infrared

Channels/Products​

IR10.8, Convection RGB, Retrieved Cloud Products, Airmass RGB,

A look at two different hurricanes during the 2013 North Atlantic hurricane season.​

Published on
01 March 2023

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By Kevin Fuell (NASA SPoRT), Jochen Kerkmann and HansPeter Roesli

Humberto​

Tropical storm Humberto has evolved into a category-1 hurricane, becoming the first hurricane of the Atlantic season. Humberto's maximum sustained winds were near 140km/h. The storm was centered 600km northwest of the Cape Verde Islands.
As reported in the media, although the earlier NOAA hurricane forecast had predicted more hurricanes than normal Humberto was just a few hours short of setting a record for being the latest first hurricane to form in the Atlantic Ocean. Normally, at least three hurricanes would have formed in the area by this time in hurricane season (from June-November).
Humberto started on 9 September just south of the Cape Verde Islands, as shown in the Meteosat-10 IR10.8 image and Convection RGB from 08:00 UTC (Figure 1).

Figure 1: Meteosat-10 IR10.8 image (left) and Convection RGB (right), 9 September 2013 08:00 UTC
From the beginning, Humberto showed strong convective activity, both close to the centre and in the outer bands. After moving slowly to the west on 10 September, Humberto made a turn northward on 11 September gaining strength to hurricane category 1.
Convective activity remained strong on 11 September, in the centre of the storm as well as in the northern band (Figure 2) and the southern outer band (Figure 3). Thus, it seems that a lot of inflow energy to the hurricane is potentially going to be used in the outer bands versus making it to the hurricane core.

Figure 2: Meteosat-10 IR10.8 image (left) and Convection RGB (right), 11 September 2013 10:00 UTC

Figure 3: Meteosat-10 IR10.8 image (left) and Convection RGB (right), 11 September 2013 15:00 UTC
On Thursday 12 September, Humberto remained a category 1 hurricane, continuing its northward trajectory to cooler waters, which does not help its development either (see 08:30 UTC image showing airmass RGB overlaid by indications of the coldest IR temperature). Consequently, CIMSS predicts a downgrading to tropical storm status in the next days (see IR image with ASCAT winds, track and forecast of Humberto for the next days, source: CIMSS Tropical Cyclones web page.

Figure 4: Meteosat-10 Retrieved Cloud Products. 11 September 12:30 UTC. Credit: KNMI Cloud Products Web Map Service.

Figure 5: Meteosat-10 Airmass RGB with colour enhanced IR10.8 overlaid, 12 September, 08:30 UTC. Animation

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Gonzalo​

Category 4 hurricane Gonzalo had sustained winds of 220km/h (140mph) as it crossed the Atlantic, heading for Bermuda — strongest ‪hurricane‬ to affect ‪Bermuda‬ for 11 years.
The Meteosat-10 enhanced infrared imagery, 15 October 00:00–09:00 UTC, shows Hurricane Gonzalo cross the Atlantic. The colours give an indication of cloud top temperature, with the coldest temperatures being the darkest red. The shape and extent of the coldest areas is used in estimating the intensity of the storm. The yellow to red regions are the areas with the most intense rainfall.
Download animation
Download full resolution image
View the KMZ file on Google Earth

Figure 6: Meteosat-10 Enhanced IR, 15 October 00:00 UTC
Watch an enhanced infrared animation of Gonzalo's transition from tropical depression (bottom left, off Venezuelan coast), to hurricane, to extra-tropical storm, Meteosat-10, 11 October 19:00 UTC–20 October 07:00 UTC.

Warnings and activations​

NOAA's National Hurricane Center
Tropical Cyclone Naming
Hurricane Gonzalo warnings (National Hurricane Center)
Disaster Charter activation

Other image sources​

Hurricane Gonzalo moves towards Bermuda (CIMSS Blog)
Real-time storm coverage (CIMSS)

Media report​

Powerful Hurricane Gonzalo Bearing Down on Bermuda (ABC News)

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