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Maxilla
The bones that form the upper part of the jaw, the roof of the mouth, and parts of the eye socket and nose. The maxilla holds the top teeth in place and supports muscles involved in chewing and facial expressions. It is a major bone in the face. Also called upper jaw.
How projected this is will greatly affect your side profile
It is a paired bone, meaning there are 2 part of it (left and right) paring together at the center
Upper Vs Low Maxilla
Upper = type 2 - type 1
Lower = Type 1
The infraorbital foramen is a small hole found in the upper jawbone (maxillary bone) of the skull, situated beneath the eye socket and to the sides of the nose. These holes serve as pathways for blood vessels and nerves. Anatomically, they are positioned beneath the infraorbital margin of the orbit and transmit the infraorbital artery and vein, as well as the infraorbital nerve, which is a branch of the maxillary nerve.
The infraorbital canal is a tunnel located near the bottom of the eye socket that is inthe maxilla. It is an extension of the infraorbital groove and leads to the opening of the infraorbital foramen. Within this canal, both the infraorbital nerve and infraorbital artery travel.
The infraorbital groove (or sulcus) is in the most backward part of the orbital area of the maxilla. it acts as the passage of the infraorbital artery, the infraorbital vein, and the infraorbital nerve.
the incisive foramen (also known as: "anterior palatine foramen", or "nasopalatine foramen") is the opening of the incisive canals ( tunnels from the incisors ) on the palate right behind the incisor teeth. It gives passage to blood vessels and nerves. It is in the incisive fossa ( depression )of the maxilla.
The maxillary sinus which is shaped like a pyramid, is the largest paranasal sinus in the maxilla.
Mandible
The mandible is both the largest and strongest bone in the face. It is the lower jaw, holding the lower teeth.
The mandible consists of:
Ramus
The vertical portion of the mandible that connects to the skull
2 important facial muscles attach to the mandible, them being
The mandible is both the largest and strongest bone in the face. It is the lower jaw, holding the lower teeth.
The mandible consists of:
- The body, curving inwards.
- Two rami (Ramus), rising from the posterior body, forming the gonion when intersecting with the body
Ramus
The vertical portion of the mandible that connects to the skull
2 important facial muscles attach to the mandible, them being
- The masseter
- The buccinator
View attachment 2828468
Coronoid Process
The most forward part of the ramus, a triangular part that sticks out and articulates to the temporarlis
Condyloid process
The most backwards part of the ramus, a boneish part that sticks out and articulates to the articulary disk of the temporomandibular joint
The mandibular foramen is an opening on the internal surface of the ramus of the mandible. It allows for divisions of the mandibular nerve and blood vessels to pass through.
The mylohyoid line is a bony ridge on the mandible's internal surface, serving as the origin site for muscles like the mylohyoid and superior pharyngeal constrictor muscles.
The lingula of the mandible, found on the medial surface of the ramus, provides attachment for the sphenomandibular ligament.
The sublingual fossa, situated above the mylohyoid line, houses the sublingual gland responsible for saliva production.
The submandibular fossa, located beneath the mylohyoid line, serves as the anatomical location of the submandibular gland.
The mental protuberance on the external surface of the mandible contributes to the chin's prominence and connects with the mandibular symphysis and mental tubercles.
The mental spine is a small bone projection on the mandible's posterior aspect, with superior and inferior mental spines serving as origin points for muscles like the geniohyoid and genioglossus.
Coronoid Process
The most forward part of the ramus, a triangular part that sticks out and articulates to the temporarlis
Condyloid process
The most backwards part of the ramus, a boneish part that sticks out and articulates to the articulary disk of the temporomandibular joint
The mandibular foramen is an opening on the internal surface of the ramus of the mandible. It allows for divisions of the mandibular nerve and blood vessels to pass through.
The mylohyoid line is a bony ridge on the mandible's internal surface, serving as the origin site for muscles like the mylohyoid and superior pharyngeal constrictor muscles.
The lingula of the mandible, found on the medial surface of the ramus, provides attachment for the sphenomandibular ligament.
The sublingual fossa, situated above the mylohyoid line, houses the sublingual gland responsible for saliva production.
The submandibular fossa, located beneath the mylohyoid line, serves as the anatomical location of the submandibular gland.
The mental protuberance on the external surface of the mandible contributes to the chin's prominence and connects with the mandibular symphysis and mental tubercles.
The mental spine is a small bone projection on the mandible's posterior aspect, with superior and inferior mental spines serving as origin points for muscles like the geniohyoid and genioglossus.
The zygomatic bone, also known as the cheekbone, is an irregularly shaped skull bone located just below the lateral side of the orbit.
Lateral projection of this bone is aesthetic.
It is split into two parts
- The zygomatic body, attaching to the maxilla, the arch, and the frontal bone.
- The zygomatic arch, attaching to the mandible, the body, and the temporal bone.
The orbit is the cavity or socket/hole of the skull in which the eye and its appendages are situated. "Orbit" can refer to the bony socket,[1] or it can also be used to imply the contents.[2] In the adult human, the volume of the orbit is 30 millilitres (1.06 imp fl oz; 1.01 US fl oz), of which the eye occupies 6.5 ml (0.23 imp fl oz; 0.22 US fl oz).[3] The orbital contents comprise the eye, the orbital and retrobulbar fascia, extraocular muscles, cranial nerves II, III, IV, V, and VI, blood vessels, fat, the lacrimal gland with its sac and duct, the eyelids, medial and lateral palpebral ligaments, cheek ligaments, the suspensory ligament, septum, ciliary ganglion and short ciliary nerves.
Seven bones form the orbit:
yellow = Frontal bone
green = Lacrimal bone
brown = Ethmoid bone
blue = Zygomatic bone
purple = Maxillary bone
aqua = Palatine bone
red = Sphenoid bone
The nasal bones are two small oblong bones, varying in size and form in different individuals; they are placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face and by their junction, form the bridge of the upper one third of the nose.
Each has two surfaces and four borders.
The vomer is one of the unpaired facial bones of the skull. It is located in the midsagittal line, and articulates with the sphenoid, the ethmoid, the left and right palatine bones, and the left and right maxillary bones. The vomer forms the inferior part of the nasal septum in humans, with the superior part formed by the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone. The name is derived from the Latin word for a ploughshare and the shape of the bone.
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