![Cope](/data/avatars/l/1/1411.jpg?1707538613)
Cope
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Regulation of muscle mass by growth hormone and IGF-I
Growth hormone (GH) is widely used as a performance-enhancing drug. One of its best-characterized effects is increasing levels of circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), which is primarily of hepatic origin. It also induces synthesis of IGF-I ...
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"Administration of IGF-I acutely activates muscle protein synthesis (Fryburg et al., 1995), but similarly to GH a 1-year administration did not result in increased lean body mass (Friedlander et al., 2001). The effects of GH on fat-free mass may be due to water retention, which is a known side effect of GH administration, or to an increase in soft tissue due to the stimulatory effects of GH on collagen synthesis."
The article primarily suggests that both hormones are pretty much useless for healthy young adults with the results coming from water retention and soft tissue and not actual muscle protein synthesis.
Also I'm assuming injecting hormones like Insulin and Follistatin would be cope as well? Taking cortisol blockers and thyroid hormones would probably make a minor difference, right?
What about aromatase inhibitors for muscle growth? Exemestane makes you slimmer and more muscular.
Might make another thread going into these more thoroughly, but was just curious to know what hormones do/don't work from more experienced users.
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