Pulling and upward/forward growth

[chrxth5]

Much like bonesmashing there’s too many mixed opinions weather or not zygo and thumb pulling for maxilla is cope or not. Anybody have evidence or proof that these methods are effective or straight cope?

 

[StarvedEpi]

you cant replicate orthodontics with your hands and unless your like 13 and under you cant really expand your jaw with out orthodontically assisted jaw surgeries