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Philip the Arab
Philip the Arab (Latin: Marcus Julius Philippus 'Arabus'; c. 204 – September 249) was Roman emperor from 244 to 249. He was born in Aurantis, Arabia, in a city situated in modern-day Syria. He went on to become a major figure in the Roman Empire. After the death of Gordian III in February 244, Philip, who had been Praetorian prefect, achieved power. He quickly negotiated peace with the Persian Sassanid Empire and returned to Rome to be confirmed by the senate. During his reign, the city of Rome celebrated its millennium. He also introduced the Actia-Dusaria Festivities in Bostra, capital of Arabia.[2] Dusaria is Dushara, the main Nabataean deity.
Philip was betrayed and killed at the Battle of Verona in September 249 following a rebellion led by his successor, Gaius Messius Quintus Decius. Philip's reign of five years was uncommonly stable in a turbulent third century.[3][4]
During the late 3rd century and into the 4th, it was held by some churchmen that Philip had been the first Christian emperor; he was described as such in Jerome's Chronicon (Chronicle), which was well known during the Middle Ages, in Orosius' highly popular Historia Adversus Paganos (History Against the Pagans), and was presented as a Christian in Eusebius of Caesarea's Historia Ecclesiastica (Ecclesiastical History).[5] Modern scholars are divided on the issue.
| Roman emperor | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philip the Arab | |||||
 Bust of Philip the Arab | |||||
| Reign | February 244 – September 249 | ||||
| Predecessor | Gordian III | ||||
| Successor | Decius | ||||
| Co-emperor | Philip II (248–249) | ||||
| Born | c. 204 Philippopolis, Arabia Petraea | ||||
| Died | September 249 (aged 45) Verona, Italia | ||||
| Spouse | Marcia Otacilia Severa | ||||
| Issue | Philip II | ||||
|
Philip the Arab (Latin: Marcus Julius Philippus 'Arabus'; c. 204 – September 249) was Roman emperor from 244 to 249. He was born in Aurantis, Arabia, in a city situated in modern-day Syria. He went on to become a major figure in the Roman Empire. After the death of Gordian III in February 244, Philip, who had been Praetorian prefect, achieved power. He quickly negotiated peace with the Persian Sassanid Empire and returned to Rome to be confirmed by the senate. During his reign, the city of Rome celebrated its millennium. He also introduced the Actia-Dusaria Festivities in Bostra, capital of Arabia.[2] Dusaria is Dushara, the main Nabataean deity.
Philip was betrayed and killed at the Battle of Verona in September 249 following a rebellion led by his successor, Gaius Messius Quintus Decius. Philip's reign of five years was uncommonly stable in a turbulent third century.[3][4]
During the late 3rd century and into the 4th, it was held by some churchmen that Philip had been the first Christian emperor; he was described as such in Jerome's Chronicon (Chronicle), which was well known during the Middle Ages, in Orosius' highly popular Historia Adversus Paganos (History Against the Pagans), and was presented as a Christian in Eusebius of Caesarea's Historia Ecclesiastica (Ecclesiastical History).[5] Modern scholars are divided on the issue.
