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English AdjectivesEgyptian Adjectives
colorsalwan - ألْوان
blackesod- soda- sod - إسْود- سودا- سود
blueazra2- zar2a- zore2 - أزْرَق- زَرْقا- زُرق
brownboni - بُني
grayrosasi - رُصاصِي
greenakhdar- khadra- khodr - أخـْضـَر- خـَضـْرا- خـُضْر
orangeboreto2ani - بُرتـُقانِي
purplebanafsegui - بَنـَفـْسِجي
reda7mar- 7amra- 7omr - أحْمَر- حَمْرا- حُمْر
whiteabyad- bida- bid - أبـْيـَض- بـِيضا- بـِيض
yellowasfar- safra- sofr - أصـْفـَر- صـَفـْرا- صـُفـْر
sizesme2asat - مقاسات
bigkebir - كِبير
deep3ami2 - 3ami2a - عَمِيق - عَمِيقة
longtawil- tawilaa - طـَويل- طـَويلَة
narrowdaya2- daya2aa - ضـَيَّق- ضـَيَّقـَة
short2osayar- 2osayar - قـُصَيَّر- قـُصَيَّر
smallsoghayar-soghayaraa - صُغـَيَّر-صُغـَيَّرَة
talltawil- tawilaa - طـَويل- طـَويلَة
thicksamik- samika - سـَمِيك- سـَمِيكة
thinrofaya3- rofaya3a - رُفـَيَّع- رُفـَيَّعة
wide3arid- 3aridaa - عَريض- عَريضَة
shapesashkal - أشـْكال
circularda'eri- da'erya - دائِري- دائرية
straightmesete2im - مستقيم
squaremorabe3 - مُرَبع
triangularmothelathi - مُثلَثي
tastesat3ema - أطـْعِمة
bittermor - مُر
freshtazaa - طازَة
salty7ade2 - حادِق
sour7amed - حامض
spicy7ar - حار
sweet7elo - حِلو
qualitiesguawda- kefa'at - جَوْدة- كفاءات
bado7esh- o7esha - وحِش- وحِشة
cleannedif- nedifa - نِضِيف- نِضِيفة
darkdalmaa - ضـَلْمَة
difficultsa3b- sa3baa - صَعْب- صَعْبَة
dirtyosekh- oskha - وسخ- وسْخة
drynashef- nashefa - ناشِف- ناشفة
easysahl- sahla - سَهْل- سَهْلة
emptyfadi- fadya - فاضِي- فاضـْية
expensiveghali- ghalyaa - غالي- غالْيَة
fastsari3- sari3aa - سَريع- سَريعَة
foreignagunabi- agunabyaa - أجْنـَبي- أجـْنـَبيَّة
fullmalyan- malyana - مَلْيان- مَلْيانة
goodkowayes- kowayesa - كُوَيِّس- كُوَيِّسة
hardsa3b- sa3baa - صَعْب- صَعْبَة
heavyte2il- te2ilaa - تِقِيل- تِقِيلَة
inexpensiverekhis- rekhisaa - رِخِيص- رِخيصَة
lightkhafif- khafifaa - خـَفيف- خَفيفـَة
localma7ali- ma7elyaa - مَحَلي- مَحليَّة
newguedid- guedidaa - جديد- جـِديدَة
noisydosha - دّوشة
old2adim- 2adimaa - قـَدِيم- قـَدِيمَة
powerful2awi- 2awyaa - قـَوي- قـَويَّة
quiethadi- hadya - هادي- هادْية
correctse7 - صح
slowbeti'- bati'a - بطيء- بـَطِيئة
softna3em- na3maa - ناعِم- ناعْمَة
very2oi- gueda - قوي- جـِدا
weakda3if- da3ifa - ضـَعِيف- ضـَعِيفة
wetmebelol- mebelola - مـبلول- مـبلولة
wrongghalet - غـَلط
youngsoghayar-soghayara - صـُغـَيَّر-صـُغـَيَّرة
quantitieskemyat - كِميات
few2olyel- 2olyela - قـُليِّل- قـُليِّلة
little2olyel- 2olyela - قـُليِّل- قـُليِّلة
manyketir-ketira - كِتير-كِتيرة
muchketir-ketira - كِتير-كِتيرة
partguoze' - جـُزء
someshoya / kam / be3ed - شوية/ كام/ بعض
a fewshoya - شوية
wholekol - كُل
 
Egyptian adverbs are part of speech. Generally they're words that modify any part of language other than a noun. Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives (including numbers), clauses, sentences and other adverbs. In Egyptian an adverb is mostly translated with an adverb in the 4th declension like هو يتكلمم كثيراً عن ابنه Huwa yatakallam kathiiran 3an ibnihi (he speaks a lot about his son). Here are some examples:

English AdverbsEgyptian Adverbs
adverbsa7wal - أحوال
I read a book sometimesana be2ra ketab a7yanan - أنا بقـْرا كِتاب أحيانـًا
I will never smokeana mesh hadakhn abedan - أنا مِش هَدَخـْن أبدًا
are you alone?aneta lo7dak- eneti lwa7deke? - أنتَ لوحْدَك- إنتي لوَحْدِك؟
Notice the structure of the Adverbs in Egyptian.


List of Adverbs in Egyptian​

Below is a list of the Adverbs of time place manner and frequency in Egyptian placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Egyptian vocabulary.

English AdverbsEgyptian Adverbs
adverbs of timezeref zeman - ظرف زمان
yesterdayembare7 - إمْبارِح
todayalenahardaa - النــَّهارْدَة
tomorrowbokra - بـُكْرة
nowdelo2ti - دِلْوقـْتِي
thenbe3ed keda - بعد كِدة
laterba3din - بـَعْدِين
tonightalenahardaa balil - النــَّهارْدَة باليل
right nowdelo2ti - دِلْوقـْتِي
last nightalelila aleli fatet / emebare7 balelil - الليلة اللي فاتت/ إمبارح بالليل
this morningalenahareda alesobe7 - النــَّهاردة الصُّبح
next weekalasbo3 aleguai - الأسْبوع الجاي
alreadybalefe3el - بالفِعل
recentlymeؤkhera - مؤخرا
latelymeؤkhera - مؤخرا
soon2erib - قريب
immediately7alaan - حالاً
stilllesa - لسة
yetlesa - لسة
agomen + Time - من + Time
adverbs of placezeref mekan - ظرف مكان
herehena - هِنا
therehenak - هِناك
over therehenak - هِناك
everywherefi kel makan - في كل مَكان
anywherefi ai makan - في أي مَكان
nowhereola mekan / mesh fi ai mekan - ولا مكان / مش في اي مكان
homebit / waten - بـِيت / وَطن
awaybe3id -be3ida - بـِعِيد -بـِعِيدة
outbera - برة
adverbs of manner
veryguedan - 2oi - جـِدًا - قوي
quiteguedan - 2oi - جـِدًا - قوي
prettyguedan - 2oi - جـِدًا - قوي
reallybegued - بجد
fastseri3- seri3a - سريع- سريعة
wellkoois- koisa - كُويس- كويسة
hardse3eb- se3eba - صعب- صعبة
quicklybesore3a - بسُرعة
slowlybaleraa7a - بالرَّاحة
carefullybe7ezer - بحذر
hardlybale3afya - بالعافية
barelybale3afya - بالعافية
mostlyfi aleghaleb - في الغالب
almostte2eriba - تقريبا
absolutelybaletakid - بالتأكيد
togetherswa - سوا
alonelo7edi- lo7edak- lo7edeke... - لوحدي- لوحدَك- لوحدِك...
adverbs of frequency
alwaysdaiman - دايْمًا
frequentlyketir - كتير
usually3adan - عادًة
sometimesa7yanan - أحيانـًا
occasionallya7yanan - أحيانـًا
seldomnaderan - نادرًا
rarelynaderan - نادرًا
neverabadan- khales - أبدا- خالص
 
inshalla we make pilgrimage to mecca
 
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English NounsEgyptian Nouns
nounsasema' - أسماء
my car3arabiti - عَرَبـِيتي
green car3erebya khadera - عربية خـَضرا
three carstelat 3arebyat - تلات عَربيات
car garagegueragu - جراج
outside the carbaraa ale3erebya - بَرَّة العربية
 

Egyptian Question Words and How to Use Them: Who, What, Where, When, Why, How, and How Much @SecularIslamist


1. Who : “Meen” : مين؟

2. What : “Ay” : ايه؟

3. Where : “Fane” : فين؟

4. When : “Emta” : امتى؟

5. Why : “Lee” : لي؟

6. How : “EeZAY” : ازي؟

7. How much : “Beekehm” : بكم؟



1. Who? : “Meen?”

مين؟

Who is this? (when answering phone) : “Meen maa’ia?”

مين معايا؟

This literally translates to “Who is with me?”, but in understood as “Who is this?”

Cultural tip: usually in western culture, it is common to say your name once you pickup the phone. This is much more efficient and saves you time: “Hello, Mick talking.” or “Hi, it’s Alicia.”

Egypt, however, is not all about efficiency. Instead, Egyptians pick up the phone and start by saying “Alo”, followed by “Who is with me?” They will never reveal their name until the one who called says it first.

Who is that? : “Meen da?”

مين ده؟

Who are you? : “Enta meen?”

انت مين؟

Who is going to eat now? : “Meen heyYEHkol delWAW’ty?”

مين هياكل دلوقتي؟



2. What? : “Ey?”

ايه؟

What is this? : “Ey da?”

ايه ده؟

You will see this everywhere. All the way from literally not knowing what something is to disbelief at something someone just said.

What are you doing? : “Betaa’mel ey?”

بتعمل ايه؟

What are we going to do? : “Hanaa’mel ey?”

هنعمل ايه؟

You can also use “What?” alone as “I didn’t hear you, come again.”

This isn’t so polite, however, so stick with “Na’am” when you haven’t understood (which is also “Yes” in Standard Arabic).

نعم؟

Advanced slang: “Ey alkalaam?” (shortened to “eakkalam”) : ايه الكلام؟

This literally translates to “What’s the talk?”, but means “What’s up now?”

Where to pull this one out: you and your homies are hanging out and you want to ask about what the plan is for today. You can say “Eykkalam, haneamil aeh?” (What’s up now, what are we going to do?).

This phrase could also be used to ask “How was it?” Example: your friend goes inside a new restaurant to quickly check it out, and he comes back, you want to know what he saw/what his opinion is: “ay-kalaam?”



3. Where? : “Fane?”

فين؟

Where are you? : “Enta fane?”

انت فين؟

Where are you going? : “Enta rayeh fane?”

انت رايح فين؟

This is basically what you ask any bus driver if you aren’t sure about the route he is taking.

Do you know where this place is? : “Taw’ruff elmakan dah fane?”

تعرف المكان ده فين؟

Excuse me, where is ? : “Low samawht, fane ?”

لو سمحت, فين….؟

Extra: Where are you? : “FANEuck?”

فينك؟

Think about this one as follows: putting the question word “fane” then a word that means “you.”

This is all about suffixes/possessives (often the same thing in Egyptian). In this example we are not using the word “you” by itself (“Enta or Enty”), but we are using the letter “Kaf” that is used when talking to someone.

As a result, this becomes “FANEuck” for males and “FNAEick” for females



4. When? : “Emta?”

امتى؟

When are you going home? : “Hawtrooh alBAET emta?”

هتروح البيت امتى؟

When is the party? : “ElHAWFluh emta?”

الحفلة امتى؟

When did you eat? : “Enta awkelt emta?”

انت اكلت امتى؟

When are we gonna meet? : “HuhNEHTuhEHbll emta?”

هنتقابل امتى؟

Key words for answers:

Day : “Yome”

يوم

(To say days of the week, you always say “yome” followed by the name of the day.

Sunday : “Al Ahad”

الاحد

Monday : “Al itnane”

الاتنين

Tuesday : “elTEHlit”

التالت

Wednesday : “elAREba’a”

الاربعة

Thursday : “elkhaMEES”

الخميس

Friday : “elGOma’a”

الجمعة

Saturday : “elSEHbt”

السبت

Tomorrow : “BOKEraw”

بكرة

Yesterday : “imBAERuh”

امبارح

Day after tomorrow : “BAW’d BOKEraw”

بعد بكرة

Month: “SHAWhr”

شهر
Hour: “SAW’AW”

ساعة
Morning: “ihSOBH”

الصبح
Evening: “bihLAYL”

بلي؟



5. Why? : “LEE?”

لي؟

Why is that? : “Leah keda?”

لي كده؟

Why are you going so early? : “Leah hanROOH badry?”

لي هتروح بدري؟



6. How? : “EeZAY?”

ازي؟

How can I go to this place? : “EeZAY aROOH elmakan da?”

ازي اروح المكان ده؟

Can you show me how? : “Momkin TOWuhREEnee eeZAY?””

ممكن توريني ازي؟

Extra: How are you? : “EeZAYuck?”

ازيك؟

Like the previous example. Here, you just use the question word “how”, followed by the suffix “kuh” ( the letter “Kaf”) that indicates that you are talking to somebody directly (“YOU”). This then becomes Ezzayak for males and Ezzayik for females.

So much easier grammar than Fusha!



7. How much? : “BeeKEHM?”

بكم؟

How much is that? : “BeeKEHM daw?

بكم ده؟

All you need for your khan elkhalili experience. In fact, if you are a complete beginner to Egyptian Arabic, let this be the first thing that you learn how to say.

Prices and buying things is a tricky subject for a foreigner in Cairo. No use getting overcharged.

No, its too much! : “Laa’ da kiTEER OWee.”

!لا ده كتير اوي

No its too expensive. : “Laa’ da ghAWlee OWee!”

!لا ده غالي اوي
Dnrd Turkish mogs
 
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List of Nouns in Egyptian​

Below is a list of the Nouns and Words in Egyptian placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Egyptian vocabulary.

English NounsEgyptian Nouns
armdera3 - دِراع
backdaher - ضَـهر
cheekskhodod - خـُدود
chestseder - صِدر
chinda2en - دَقن
earoden - ودن
elbowkoo3 - كُوع
eye3in - عين
faceoesh - وِش
fingersoba3 - صُباع
fingersswabe3 - صوابع
footregul - رِجْل
hairsha3r - شـَعْر
handid - إيد
headras - راس
heart2elb - قلْب
kneerokba - رُكْبة
legreguel - رِجل
lipshefaif - شفايف
mouthbo2 - بُق
neckra2eba - رَقبة
nosemenakhir - مناخِير
shoulderketf - كِتـْف
stomachme3daa - مِعْدَة
teethsenan - سنان
thighfakhd - فـَخـْد
throatzor - زور
thumbebeham - إبهام
toeebeham ale2edem - إبهام القدم
tonguelesan - لسان
toothsena - سِنة
 
Egyptian articles are words that combine with a noun to indicate the type of reference being made by the noun. Generally articles specify the grammatical definiteness of the noun. Examples are "the, a, and an". Here are some examples:

English ArticlesEgyptian Articles
articles
theal - الـ
a
onewa7ed - واحد
somekam - كام
fewshoya - شوية
the bookaleketab - الكِتاب
the booksalekotob - الكُتـُب
a bookketab - كِتاب
one bookketab wa7ed - كِتاب واحد
some bookskam ketab - كام كِتاب
few booksshoya ketob - شوية كتـُب
In Egyptian the definite article is ال al. As for the indefinite article, there is none. An indefinite noun in Egyptian is indicated by a declension, or rather “nunation” of the noun. Each definite noun in Egyptian has the definite article ال attached to it and ends on u, a or I, depending if it is a subject, object ore possessive. When the noun is indefinite, the nouns end on respectively un, an or in, hence the name “nunation”, th n in Egyptian is pronounced nun ن. For example الرَّجُلُ يَقْرَءُ الْجَرِيدةَ Ar-rajalu yaqra’u al-djaridata, The man reads the newspaper, مُحَمَّد يَأَكْلُ خُبْزاً Muhammed ja’akulu gubzan - Muhamad eats a bread.


A very important rule in Egyptian is المضاف والمضاف إليه Al-mudhaf wa-al-mudhaf ilaihu. This is used to denote the passive like in the book of the man is translated as كتاب الرجلِ kitaab ar-radjuli. According to the Egyptian grammarians, book is made definite by the man so it doesn’t need a definite article! Also the man is declined with I the sign of the possessive. If one wants to say the book of this man, then this must be put at the end of the construction, since nothing may break it. كتاب الرجل هذه Book (of) the man this.

Notice the structure of the Articles in Egyptian.
 
English PronounsEgyptian Pronouns
Pronounsdamair - ضـَماير
Iana - أنا
youenet- eneti- eneto - إنت- إنتي- إنتو
heho - هو
shehi - هي
weae7na - اِحْنا
theyhom - هُم
me
you
him
her
us
them
my...i - ــــي
your...ak- ...ek-.. Ko - ــــَك- ــِــك- ــــكو
his...oh - ــــُه
her...ha - ــــها
our...na - ــــنا
their..hom - ــــهم
minebeta3i - بتاعي
yoursbeta3ak / beta3ek / beta3ekwa - بتاعَك/ بِتاعِك/ بتاعكوا
hisbeta3oh - بِتاعُه
hersbeta3ha - بتاعْها
oursbeta3ena - بتاعنا
theirsbeta3hom - بتاعْهُم
 
English PronounsEgyptian Pronouns
I speakbatkalem - باتـْكَـلـِّم
you speakbetetkalem- betetkalemi- betetkalemwa - بتتـْكَـلـِّم- بتتـْكَـلـِّمي- بتتـْكَـلـِّموا
he speaksbitkalem - بيتـْكَـلـِّم
she speaksbetetkalem - بتتـْكَـلـِّم
we speakbenetkalem - بنتـْكَـلـِّم
they speakbitkalemwa - بيتـْكَـلـِّموا
give meadini - اديني
give himadih - اديه
give heradiha - اديها
give usadina - ادينا
give themadihem - اديهم
my bookketabi - كِتابي
your bookketabak- ketabek- ketabekwa - كِتابَك- كِتابِك- كِتابكوا
his bookketaboh - كِتابُه
her bookketabha - كِتابـْها
our bookketabena - كِتابنا
their bookketabhom - كِتابْهُم
 
Egyptian Plurals are grammatical numbers, typically referring to more than one of the referent in the real world. In the English language, singular and plural are the only grammatical numbers.

In Egyptian the formation of the plural is difficult, since there are many patterns. It is advised to learn the plural with the singular, a good Egyptian dictionary like the “Hans Wehr Egyptian dictionary will include the plural or plurals (sometimes there are more) in each entry. Examples are kitaab –kutub, [book - books], walad – awlad [boy – boys], sayara – sayaraat [car – cars], radjul – rejaal [man – men]. The last two are examples of the sound plural which for masculine adds un at the end and for feminine aat at the and. (Note the ta marbuta has to be change to a normal open t).

Here are some examples:


English PluralEgyptian Plural
Pluralgueme3 - جمع
my bookketabi - كِتابي
my booksketebi - كتبي
our daughterbeneti - بِنتي
our daughtersbenatna - بناتـْنا
I'm coldana bardan - أنا بَرْدان
we're colda7ena beredanin - احنا بردانـِين
his chickensferakhoh - فِراخـُه
their chickenferakhehom - فِراخهُم

Notice the structure of the Plural in Egyptian.


List of Plurals in Egyptian​

Below is a list of the Plurals and Singulars in Egyptian placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Egyptian vocabulary.

English PluralEgyptian Plural
alligatortemsa7 - تِمْساح
alligatorstemasi7 - تماسِيح
beardeb - دب
bearsdebeba - دببة
birdta'er - طائِر
birdstoyor - طـُيور
bulltor - طور
bullstiran - تيران
cat2otaa - قـُطَّة
cats2otet - قـُطط
cowba2ara - بَقـَرة
cowsba2er - بَقر
deerghazal - غـَزال
many deerghezlan - غِزْلان
dogkalb - كَلْب
dogskelab - كِلاب
donkey7omar - حُمار
donkeys7emir - حِمير
eagleneser - نِسر
eaglesnesor - نسور
elephantfil - فيل
elephantsafyal - أفيال
giraffezerafa - زرافة
giraffeszerafat - زرافات
goatme3eza - مِعزة
goatsme3iz - مِعيز
horse7osan - حُصان
horses7esena - حِصِنة
lionased - أسد
lionsasod - أسود
monkey2ered - قِرد
monkeys2erod - قرود
mousefar - فار
micefiran - فيران
rabbitareneb - أرنب
rabbitsaraneb - أرانِب
snakete3eban - تِعبان
snakeste3abin - تعابـِين
tigernemer - نِمر
tigersnemor - نِمور
wolfdib - ديب
wolvesdyaba - ديابةIl
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yptian feminine refers to female qualities attributed specifically to women and girls or things considered feminine. The complement to feminine is masculine. Here are some examples:

English FeminineEgyptian Feminine
Feminine
he is happyho mabsot - هو مَبْسوط
she is happyhi mabsota - هي مَبْسوطة
he is Americanho amriki - هو أمْريكي
she is Americanhi amerikya - هي أمريكية
manraguel - راجـِل
womanset - سِت
fatherab - أب
motheram - أم
brotherakh - أخ
sisterakhet - أخت
uncle3am - عَم
aunt3amaa - عَمَّة
bulltor - طور
cowba2era - بَقرة
boyoled - ولد
girlbenet - بنت
Notice the structure of the Feminine in Egyptian.



List of Feminine in Egyptian​

Below is a list of objects, can you determine whether they're feminine, masculine or plural in Egyptian? Memorizing this table will also help you add very useful and important words to your Egyptian vocabulary.

English VocabularyEgyptian Vocabulary
objectsashya' - أشياء
bathroom7amaam - حَمَّام
bedserir - سِرير
bedroomawda noom - أوضة نـُوم
ceilingsa2f - سَقـْف
chairkoresi - كُرسي
clotheshodom - هُدوم
coatbaleto - بالطو
cupkas - كاس
deskmakteb - مَكْتب
dressfosetan - فـُستان
floorared - أرض
forkshooka - شـُوكة
furniture3efesh - عفش
glassezaz - إزاز
hatta2yaa - طـَقيَّة
housebit - بيت
ink7eber - حِبر
jacketguaket - جاكت
kitchenmatbakh - مَطْبَخ
knifesekina - سِكينة
lamplemeba - لمبة
letterguwab - جواب
mapkherita - خريطة
newspaperguerenal - جرنال
notebookkeshekol - كشكول
pantsbenetelon - بنطلون
paperore2 - ورق
pen2elem guaf - قلم جاف
pencil2elem resas - قلم رصاص
pharmacysaidalya - صَيدَلية
picturesora - صورة
platetebe2 - طبق
refrigeratortelagua - تلاجة
restaurantmat3em - مَطْعم
roofsoto7 - سُطوح
roomawda - أوضة
rugseguaada - سِجَادة
scissorsme2es - مقص
shampooshamebo - شامبو
shirt2amis - قـَميص
shoesguazema - جـَزمة
soapsabon - صابون
sockssherab - شراب
spoonma3ele2a - مَعلقة
tableterebiza - تربيزة
toilettwalit - تواليت
toothbrushforesha senan - فـُرشِة سِنان
toothpastema3guoon asenan - مَعـْجُون اسنان
towelfota - فوطة
umbrellashemesya - شمسية
underwearmelabes dakhelya - ملابس داخلية
wall7ita - حيطة
walletme7feza - محْفظة
windowshebak - شِباك
telephonetelifon - تليفون
 
Egyptian verbs are words that convey action (bring, read, walk, run), or a state of being (exist, stand). In most languages a verb may agree with the person, gender, and/or number of some of its arguments, such as its subject, or object.

Egyptian to has only 2 times, the perfect and the imperfect, but there is a difference, in the west we look at the points in time in where a action takes place, the Arabs however look at the aspect of a verb meaning they ask is the action finished or not (They don’t ask themselves when did it finish or not). Of course a finished action corresponds with the past as does a unfinished action with the present, but not necessarily so. Here are some examples:

English VerbsEgyptian Verbs
Verbs
Pastmadi - ماضي
I spokeatekelemet - اتكلمت
I wroteketebet - كتبت
I droveso2t - سوقـْت
I loved7abit - حَبيت
I gaveaedit - اِديت
I smiledabetesamt - ابتسَمْت
I tookkhedet - خدت
he spokeatkalem - اتـْكَلِّم
he wroteketeb - كتب
he drovesa2 - ساق
he loved7ab - حَب
he gaveada - ادى
he smiledaebetasam - اِبتَسَم
he tookkhed - خد
we spokeatkelemena - اتـْكلمنا
we wroteketebena - كتبنا
we droveso2na - سُقـْنا
we loved7ebina - حبينا
we gaveadina - ادينا
we smiledabetesamna - ابتسَمْنا
we tookkhedena - خدنا
Future
I will speakhetekalem - هتكَلِّم
I will writehekteb - هكْتِب
I will driveheso2 - هسوق
I will lovehe7eb - هحِب
I will givehadi - هَدي
I will smilehabetasem - هَبتـَسِم
I will takehakhod - هاخـُد
he will speakhikelem - هـيـْكلِّم
he will writehiketeb - هـيْكتِب
he will drivehiso2 - هيسوق
he will lovehi7eb - هيحب
he will givehidi - هيدي
he will smilehibetesem - هيبتِسم
he will takehyakhod - هياخـُد
we will speakhenetkalem - هنتـْكَلِّم
we will writeheneketeb - هنِكتِب
we will driveheneso2 - هنسوق
we will lovehene7eb - هنحِب
we will givehenedi - هندي
we will smilehenede7ek - هنضحك
we will takehenakhed - هناخد
Presentmedare3 - مضارع
I speakbatekelem - باتكلم
I writebakteb - باكْتب
I drivebasoo2 - باسُوق
I loveba7eb - بَحِب
I givebadi - بَدي
I smilebabetasem - بابتَسم
I takebakhod - باخـُد
he speaksbitkelem - بِيتـْكِّلم
he writesbikteb - بيكْتِب
he drivesbiso2 - بيسوق
he lovesbi7eb - بيحِب
he givesbidi - بيدي
he smilesbibetesem - بيبتِسم
he takesbyakhod - بياخـُد
we speakbenetkalem - بنتـْكَلِّم
we writebeneketeb - بنِكتِب
we drivebeneso2 - بنسوق
we lovebene7eb - بنحِب
we givebenedi - بندي
we smilebenebetesem - بنبتِسم
we takebenakhed - بناخد
Egyptian verb conjugation is a bit complex, although very regular the so called semivowels alif, waw and ya and the glottal stop hamza cause irregularity in Egyptian verb conjugation. The simplest Egyptian verb excist out of three consonants like كتب KaTaBa meaning he wrote or he has written. The past tense is conjugated by suffixes, the present tense by prefixes. The Arabs use the verb fa3ala (to do) to represent all possible forms a verb may have. The problem lies in the fact that any of those root consonants might be an hamza, the glottal stop or an alif, a waw or a ya, the so called semi-consonants. They might be retained or disappear according to certain rules.

Egyptian verbs have ten (even more) forms. To give you an example,third rule علَم allama means to know, The second form علّم allama with the second consonant doubled means to let know meaning to teach, the fifth form تعلّم ta3allama means to let your self know meaning to study! The tenth form istaf3ala means in general to think to act out an action described by the verb, so istahhasana to think to be beatifull from hhasana to be beautiful. I once made a joke during my Egyptian studies. In Holland we call a street car (an electric street car) a tram. This exactly fits the Egyptian verb paradigm. Back in those days I sometimes sat in the tram without a ticket which we Dutch call zwart rijden (driving black). So I said if tram would be an Egyptian verb ترم TRM the zwart rijde would be translated as IstTarama استرّم thinking to ride on a tram (with a ticket).

Notice the structure of the Verbs in Egyptian.
 

List of Verbs in Egyptian​

Below is a list of the conjugated Verbs in the present past and future in Egyptian placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Egyptian vocabulary.

English VerbsEgyptian Verbs
I can accept thatana memeken a2ebel da / di - أنا ممكن أقبل دا/دي
she added itdafeteh- dafeteha - ضافِته- ضافِتها
we admit itne3eteref bekeda - نِعترف بكدة
they advised himnasa7oh - نـَصَحوه
I can agree with thatana memeken awafe2 3ela da - أنا ممكن أوافِق على دا
she allows itseme7et beda - سمحِت بدا
we announce ita3elanah - أعلاناه
I can apologizememeken a3etezer - ممكن أعتذر
she appears todayzaheret alenehareda - ظـَهرِت النهاردة
they arranged thatnezamwa da - نظـَموا دا
I can arrive tomorrowana memeken awsal bokera - أنا ممكن أوصَل بُكرة
she can ask himmemeken tesaloh - ممكن تِسألُه
she attaches that
we attack thembeneheguem 3elihem - بنهجم عليهم
they avoid herbiteguaneboha - بيتجـَنـبوها
I can bake itmemeken akhebezeha - ممكن اخبزها
she is like himhi zyoh - هي زيُه
we beat itbenederebeh / ha - بنضربه/ ها
they became happyhem be2wa mebesotin - هم بقوا مبسوطين
I can begin thatmemeken abeda da / di - ممكن أبدأ دا/دي
we borrowed moneyasetelefna felos - استلفـْنا فلوس
they breathe airbitenefeswa hwa - بيتنفسوا هوا
I can bring itmemeken aguibeha - ممكن أجيبها
I can build thatmemeken abeniha - ممكن ابنيها
she buys foodbeteshetereshi akel - بتشترشي أكل
we calculate it7asabnaha - حَسَبْناها
they carry itbishiloha - بيشيلوها
they don't cheatmabigheshosh - مابيغشوش
she chooses himakhetareteh - أختارته
we close it2efelenaha - قفلناها
he comes heregueh hena - جه هنا
I can compare thatmemeken a2aren da / di - ممكن اقارن دا/دي
she competes with mebetetenafes me3aya - بتتنافس معايا
we complain about itbeneshteki meneh / meneha - بنشـْتِكي منه/ منها
they continued readingkemelwa 2eraya - كملوا قراية
he cried about that3it 3ela da - عيط على دا
I can decide nowmemeken a2erer delo2eti - ممكن اقرر دلوقتي
she described it to meosafeteh / osafetha lya - وصَفِته/ وصَفِـتـْها ليا
we disagree about itakhetelafena 3elih / 3eliha - اختلافنا عليه/ عليها
they disappeared quicklyakhetefwa besere3a - اختفوا بسرعة
I discovered thataketeshefet da / di - اكتشفت دا/دي
she dislikes thatmabete7ebesh da / di - مابتحِبش دا/ دي
we do itbene3emeleh / bene3emeleha - بنعمله / بنعملها
they dream about itbi7elemwa bih / biha - بيحلموا بيه /بيها
I earnedkesbet - كِسْبت
he eats a lotbyakel ketir - بياكل كتير
we enjoyed thatasetemete3ena bih / biha - استمتعنا بيه / بيها
they entered heredekhelwa hena - دخلوا هنا
he escaped thathereb meneh / meneha - هرب منه / منها
I can explain thatmemeken ashere7 da / di - ممكن أشرح دا/دي
she feels that toobete7es bekeda beredo - بتحس بكدة برضو
we fled from thereherebena men henak - هربنا من هناك
they will fly tomorrowhisaferwa bekera - هيسافروا بكرة
I can follow youameshi orak / ki - امشي وراك/ كي
she forgot menesiteni - نسيتني
we forgive himnesinah - نسيناه
I can give her thatmemeken adiha da / di - ممكن اديها دا /دي
she goes therebetero7 henak - بتروح هناك
we greeted them7ainahom - حَيناهُم
I hate thatbakreh da / di - بَكْره دا/دي
I can hear itmemeken aseme3eh / aseme3eha - ممكن اسمعه/ اسمعها
she imagine thattekhilet da / di - تخيلت دا/دي
we invited them3ezemenahem - عزمناهم
I know him3arefah - عارفاه
she learned itat3elemethaa - اتــْعلِمِتـْهَا
we leave nowmashiin delo2eti - ماشيين دلوقتي
they lied about himkedebwa 3elih - كدبوا عليه
I can listen to thatmemeken aseme3 da - ممكن اسمع دا
she lost thatdi3eteh / ha - ضيعته/ ها
we made it yesterday3emelenaha amebare7 - عملناها امبارح
they met him2abeloh - قابلوه
I misspell thatasetehegueteha ghelet - استهجتها غلط
I always praydaiman beseli - دايمًا بصلي
she prefers thatfedalet da / di - فضَلِت دا/دي
we protected them7amanahom - حَمَناهُم
they will punish herhene3a2ebeha - هنعاقبها
I can put it therememeken a7eteha henak - ممكن احطها هناك
she will read ithete2erah / ha - هتقراه/ها
we received thatasetelemenah / ha - استلمناه/ها
they refuse to talkrefedwa itekelemwa - رفضوا يتكلموا
I remember thatbafeteker da / di - بافتكر دا/ دي
she repeats thatkereret da / di - كررت دا/دي
we see itbeneshofeh / ha - بنشوفه/ها
they sell itbibe3oh / ha - بيبعوه/ها
I sent that yesterdaybe3et da / di amebare7 - بعت دا/دي امبارح
he shaved his beard7ele2 de2eneh - حلق دقنه
it shrunk quicklybetekesh besere3a / bikesh besere3a - بتكش بسرعة/ بيكِش بسرعة
we will sing ithenegheniha - هنغنيها
they sat there2e3edwa henak - قعدوا هناك
I can speak itmemeken atekelemeha - ممكن اتكلمها
she spends moneybeteseref felos - بتصرف فلوس
we suffered from that3aanina men da - عَانينا من دا
they suggest thata2etere7wa da - اقترحوا دا
I surprised himfeguateh - فجأته
she took thatkhedet da / di - خدت دا/ دي
we teach itbendaresha - بنـْدَرِّسْها
they told us2aletelena - قالتلنا
she thanked himshekeretoh - شكرتـُه
I can think about itmemeken afeker fiha - ممكن افكر فيها
she threw itremeteh / remeteha - رمته/ رمتها
we understand thatfahemin da / di - فاهمين دا/دي
they want that3aizin da / di - عايزين دا/دي
I can wear itmemeken alebeseha / alebeseh - ممكن البسها/ البسه
she writes thathi katabet da / di - هي كَتـَبـِت دا/ دي
we talk about itatekelemena 3eneha / 3eneh - اتكلمنا عنها/عنه
they have ithi 3enedehem - هي عندهم
I watched itatefereguet 3elih / 3eliha - اتفرجت عليه/عليها
I will talk about ithetekelem 3eneh / 3eneha - هتكلم عنه/عنها
he bought that yesterdayasheterah / ha emebare7 - اشتراه/ها إمبارح
we finished itkhelesenah / khelesenaha - خلصناه/خلصناها
 
Egyptian prepositions link nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence. The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the object of the preposition. Here are some examples:

English PrepositionsEgyptian Prepositions
Prepositions
inside the houseguoh alebit - جوه البيت
outside the carbereh ale3erebya - بره العربية
with meme3aya - معايا
without himmen ghireh - من غيره
under the tablete7et aleterebiza - تحت التربيزة
after tomorrowbe3ed bekera - بعد بكرة
before sunset2ebel gherob aleshemes - قبل غروب الشمس
but I'm busybes ana mesheghol - بس أنا مشغول
Notice the structure of the Prepositions in Egyptian.
 

List of Prepositions in Egyptian​

Below is a list of the Time place and demonstrative pronouns in Egyptian placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Egyptian vocabulary.

English PrepositionsEgyptian Prepositions
about3en - عن
abovefo2 - فوق
across
afterbe3ed - بعد
againstded - ضد
amongbin - بين
around7walin - حوالين
aszi - زي
atfi - في
before2ebel - قبل
behindora - ورا
belowte7et - تحت
beneathte7et - تحت
besideguemeb - جمب
betweenbin - بين
beyondora - ورا
butbes - بس
byb - ب
despite3ela alereghem men - على الرغم من
downte7et - تحت
duringathena' - أثناء
exceptma3eda - ماعدا
forl - ل
frommen - من
infi - في
insideguoh - جوه
intofi - في
near2erib - قريب
nextaleli guai / guaya - اللي جاي/ جاية
of
on3ela - على
opposite2esad - قصاد
outbera - برة
outsidebera - برة
over
perl - ل
plusza'ed - زائد
round7walin - حوالين
sincemene+ Time - من+ Time
thanmen - من
throughmen khelal - من خلال
tillleghaya_ le7ed - لغاية_ لحد
tol - ل
towardteguah - تجاه
underte7et - تحت
unlikeghir - غير
untilleghaya_ le7ed - لغاية_ لحد
upfo2 - فوق
via3en teri2 - عن طريق
withme3 - مع
withinfi khelal - في خلال
withoutmen ghir - من غير
two words
according tobaleneseba l - بالنسبة ل
because of3eshan - عشان
close to2erib men - قريب من
due tobesebeb - بسبب
except forma3eda - ماعدا
far frombe3id 3en - بعيد عن
inside ofguwa - جوة
instead ofbedel men - بدل من
near to2erib men - قريب من
next toguemeb - جمب
outside ofbera - برة
prior to2ebel - قبل
three words
as far asbe3id zi - بعيد زي
as well asberedo - برضو
in addition tobaladafa l - بالأضافة ل
in front of2edam - قدام
in spite ofbalereghem men - بالرغم من
on behalf ofbalenyaba 3en - بالنيابة عن
on top offo2 keda - فوق كدة
demonstrative pronouns
thisda / di / - دا/ دي/
thatda / di / - دا/ دي/
thesedol - دول
thosedol - دول
 
Egyptian negation is the process that turns an affirmative statement (I am happy) into its opposite denial (I am not happy).

In Egyptian there are a few words for negation laلا,ma ما and لن lan. Lan is used to negate the future. In Egyptian slang they use the negation ma plus sh ما ش the word being negated put in between, like in French ne – pas (je ne parle pas), for example ma 3araf sh ما عرفش I don’t know, ma 3ali sh معلش , this is a very common phrase meaning It doesn't matter. Here are some examples:

English NegationEgyptian Negation
Negation
he is not hereho mesh hena - هو مش هنا
that is not my bookda mesh ketabi - دا مش كتابي
do not entermetedekhelesh - متدخلش
Notice the structure of the Negation in Egyptian.



List of Negation in Egyptian​

Below is a list of the Negation and negative expressions in Egyptian placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Egyptian vocabulary.

English NegationEgyptian Negation
I don't speakana mabetekelemesh - أنا مابتكلمش
I don't writeana mabeketebesh - أنا مابكتبش
I don't driveana mabeso2esh - أنا مابسوقش
I don't loveana mabe7ebesh - أنا مابحبش
I don't giveana mabedish - أنا مابديش
I don't smileana mebebetesemesh - أنا مببتسمش
I don't takeana mabekhedesh - أنا مابخدش
he doesn't speakho mebitekelemesh - هو مبيتكلمش
he doesn't writeho mabiketebesh - هو مابيكتبش
he doesn't driveho mabiso2esh - هو مابيسوقش
he doesn't loveho mabi7ebesh - هو مابيحبش
he doesn't giveho mabidish - هو مابيديش
he doesn't smileho mabibetesemesh - هو مابيبتسمش
he doesn't takeho mabyakhedesh - هو مابياخدش
we don't speaka7ena mabenetekelemesh - احنا مابنتكلمش
we don't writea7ena mabeneketebesh - احنا مابنكتبش
we don't drivea7ena mabeneso2esh - احنا مابنسوقش
we don't lovea7ena mabene7ebesh - احنا مابنحبش
we don't givea7ena mabenedish - احنا مابنديش
we don't smilea7ena mabenebetesemesh - احنا مابنبتسمش
we don't takea7ena ma benakhedesh - احنا ما بناخدش
 
Egyptian questions may be either a linguistic expression used to make a request for information, or else the request itself made by such an expression. Usually it starts with why, how, where, when ... In Egyptian there are two question word, هل (hal) and أ (a) Are you from Egypt? Hal anta min masri هل أتت من مصر؟ He is a Morrocan isn’t he? Huwa maghrabiyun alais kadhalik? هو نغبي أليس كذلك Here are some examples:

English QuestionsEgyptian Questions
Questions
how?azai - ازاي
what?aih - ايه
who?min - مين
why?lih - ليه
where?fin - فين
Notice the structure of the Questions in Egyptian.



List of Questions in Egyptian​

Below is a list of the Questions and interrogative expressions in Egyptian placed in a table. Memorizing this table will help you add very useful and important words to your Egyptian vocabulary.

English QuestionsEgyptian Questions
where is he?ho fin - هو فين
what is this?aih da / di - ايه دا/ دي
why are you sad?anet 7ezin lihe? - انت حزين ليه؟
how do you want to pay?3aiz tedefe3 azai? - عايز تدفع ازاي؟
can I come?memeken agui? - ممكن آجي؟
is he sleeping?ho naime? - هو نايم؟
do you know me?anet / i 3arefeni? - أنت/ي عارفني؟
do you have my book?ketabi 3enedeke? - كتابي عندك؟
how big is it?kebir 2ed aihe? - كبير قد ايه؟
can I help you?ai khedema? - أي خدمة؟
can you help me?memeken tesa3edeni? - ممكن تساعدني؟
do you speak English?betetekelem / betetekelemi aneguelizi? - بتتكلم/ بتتكلمي انجليزي؟
how far is this?da / di be3id 2ed aihe? - دا/ دي بعيد قد ايه؟
what time is it?alesa3a kame? - الساعة كام؟
how much is this?bekam da / di? - بكام دا/دي؟
what is your name?asemek aihe? - اسمك ايه؟
where do you live?saken fine? - ساكن فين؟
 
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Egyptian Question Words and How to Use Them: Who, What, Where, When, Why, How, and How Much @SecularIslamist


1. Who : “Meen” : مين؟

2. What : “Ay” : ايه؟

3. Where : “Fane” : فين؟

4. When : “Emta” : امتى؟

5. Why : “Lee” : لي؟

6. How : “EeZAY” : ازي؟

7. How much : “Beekehm” : بكم؟



1. Who? : “Meen?”

مين؟

Who is this? (when answering phone) : “Meen maa’ia?”

مين معايا؟

This literally translates to “Who is with me?”, but in understood as “Who is this?”

Cultural tip: usually in western culture, it is common to say your name once you pickup the phone. This is much more efficient and saves you time: “Hello, Mick talking.” or “Hi, it’s Alicia.”

Egypt, however, is not all about efficiency. Instead, Egyptians pick up the phone and start by saying “Alo”, followed by “Who is with me?” They will never reveal their name until the one who called says it first.

Who is that? : “Meen da?”

مين ده؟

Who are you? : “Enta meen?”

انت مين؟

Who is going to eat now? : “Meen heyYEHkol delWAW’ty?”

مين هياكل دلوقتي؟



2. What? : “Ey?”

ايه؟

What is this? : “Ey da?”

ايه ده؟

You will see this everywhere. All the way from literally not knowing what something is to disbelief at something someone just said.

What are you doing? : “Betaa’mel ey?”

بتعمل ايه؟

What are we going to do? : “Hanaa’mel ey?”

هنعمل ايه؟

You can also use “What?” alone as “I didn’t hear you, come again.”

This isn’t so polite, however, so stick with “Na’am” when you haven’t understood (which is also “Yes” in Standard Arabic).

نعم؟

Advanced slang: “Ey alkalaam?” (shortened to “eakkalam”) : ايه الكلام؟

This literally translates to “What’s the talk?”, but means “What’s up now?”

Where to pull this one out: you and your homies are hanging out and you want to ask about what the plan is for today. You can say “Eykkalam, haneamil aeh?” (What’s up now, what are we going to do?).

This phrase could also be used to ask “How was it?” Example: your friend goes inside a new restaurant to quickly check it out, and he comes back, you want to know what he saw/what his opinion is: “ay-kalaam?”



3. Where? : “Fane?”

فين؟

Where are you? : “Enta fane?”

انت فين؟

Where are you going? : “Enta rayeh fane?”

انت رايح فين؟

This is basically what you ask any bus driver if you aren’t sure about the route he is taking.

Do you know where this place is? : “Taw’ruff elmakan dah fane?”

تعرف المكان ده فين؟

Excuse me, where is ? : “Low samawht, fane ?”

لو سمحت, فين….؟

Extra: Where are you? : “FANEuck?”

فينك؟

Think about this one as follows: putting the question word “fane” then a word that means “you.”

This is all about suffixes/possessives (often the same thing in Egyptian). In this example we are not using the word “you” by itself (“Enta or Enty”), but we are using the letter “Kaf” that is used when talking to someone.

As a result, this becomes “FANEuck” for males and “FNAEick” for females



4. When? : “Emta?”

امتى؟

When are you going home? : “Hawtrooh alBAET emta?”

هتروح البيت امتى؟

When is the party? : “ElHAWFluh emta?”

الحفلة امتى؟

When did you eat? : “Enta awkelt emta?”

انت اكلت امتى؟

When are we gonna meet? : “HuhNEHTuhEHbll emta?”

هنتقابل امتى؟

Key words for answers:

Day : “Yome”

يوم

(To say days of the week, you always say “yome” followed by the name of the day.

Sunday : “Al Ahad”

الاحد

Monday : “Al itnane”

الاتنين

Tuesday : “elTEHlit”

التالت

Wednesday : “elAREba’a”

الاربعة

Thursday : “elkhaMEES”

الخميس

Friday : “elGOma’a”

الجمعة

Saturday : “elSEHbt”

السبت

Tomorrow : “BOKEraw”

بكرة

Yesterday : “imBAERuh”

امبارح

Day after tomorrow : “BAW’d BOKEraw”

بعد بكرة

Month: “SHAWhr”

شهر
Hour: “SAW’AW”

ساعة
Morning: “ihSOBH”

الصبح
Evening: “bihLAYL”

بلي؟



5. Why? : “LEE?”

لي؟

Why is that? : “Leah keda?”

لي كده؟

Why are you going so early? : “Leah hanROOH badry?”

لي هتروح بدري؟



6. How? : “EeZAY?”

ازي؟

How can I go to this place? : “EeZAY aROOH elmakan da?”

ازي اروح المكان ده؟

Can you show me how? : “Momkin TOWuhREEnee eeZAY?””

ممكن توريني ازي؟

Extra: How are you? : “EeZAYuck?”

ازيك؟

Like the previous example. Here, you just use the question word “how”, followed by the suffix “kuh” ( the letter “Kaf”) that indicates that you are talking to somebody directly (“YOU”). This then becomes Ezzayak for males and Ezzayik for females.

So much easier grammar than Fusha!



7. How much? : “BeeKEHM?”

بكم؟

How much is that? : “BeeKEHM daw?

بكم ده؟

All you need for your khan elkhalili experience. In fact, if you are a complete beginner to Egyptian Arabic, let this be the first thing that you learn how to say.

Prices and buying things is a tricky subject for a foreigner in Cairo. No use getting overcharged.

No, its too much! : “Laa’ da kiTEER OWee.”

!لا ده كتير اوي

No its too expensive. : “Laa’ da ghAWlee OWee!”

!لا ده غالي اوي
these transliterations hurt my head and i speak arabic
 
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too complicated for me bruh 😭
 
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