Kingkellz
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Anatomy
6- frontal process of the maxilla
7- zygomatic process of the frontal bone
8- frontal process of the zygomatic bone
9- body of the zygomatic bone
10- maxillary border of the zygomatic bone/region
11- temporal process of the zygomatic bone
12- zygomatic process of the temporal bone
6- frontal process of the maxilla
7- zygomatic process of the frontal bone
8- frontal process of the zygomatic bone
9- body of the zygomatic bone
10- maxillary border of the zygomatic bone/region
11- temporal process of the zygomatic bone
12- zygomatic process of the temporal bone
Cheekbone Prominence
Males may appear to have less prominent cheekbones due to a more protrusive browridge/forehead and nose.
Females may appear to have more prominent cheekbones due to a less protrusive browridge/forehead and nose.
Essentials of Facial Growth, by Enlow & Hans
NainiFemale cheekbones
also "look" much more prominent for the same reason; that is, the malar
protuberances seem more apparent because the nose and forehead are less
prominent. Indeed, "high cheekbones" are a classic feature of femininity,
much emphasized by beauty analysts. Of course, the malar protuberances
are not actually "higher;" they are just more conspicuous.
Facial Gender Affirmation Surgery, An Issue of Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North AmericaFemale cheekbones are less prominent but may
appear more prominent due to reduced projection of the
surrounding areas.
The cheek bones are heavier in the male with more malar volume. Contrastingly, they are lighter, but also more prominent and rounded in the female. This is due to women having a greater concentration of soft tissue and fat and is accentuated with some cheek hollowing in the submalar region. Additionally, increasing the width of the zygomatic complex creates more roundness of the facial contours and allows the orbits to appear larger in females. While interzygomatic distance is generally larger in males, it is more prominent in females. In addition, there is a significantly greater fullness in the maxilla relative to the mandible in females which creates a less defined jawline and tends to soften the face.
Zygomatic Arch
Males generally should have higher, thicker, more bowed, and posteriorly extending zygomatic arches.
Females generally should have zygomatic arches that are lower, thinner, less bowed, and less posteriorly extending.
Zygomatic Arch Extension
As you can see strong male sexual dimorphism leads to the posterior extension of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone well past the EAM
Zygomatic Arch Bowing
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anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com
The zygomatic arch is bowed stronger in males, leading to be laterally more pronounced in its middle part and forming a more acute angle to the temporal and zygomatic bone than in females.
Zygomatic Arch in the Vertical Direction
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anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com
In addition, the male zygomatic arch has larger dimensions in vertical direction.
Bonus
The angle created by the zygomatic process of the frontal bone and the frontal process of the zygomatic bone is sharper and more acute in males than it is in females as shown by the image above.
Malar Convexity
In males the malar convexity decreases and they have an overall flatter cheek area due to less infraorbital and malar fat as well as a more prominent forehead, nose, and chin.
In females malar convexity increases as the face becomes more feminine due to having greater soft tissue/fat.
Sexual dimorphism in the facial morphology of adult humans: A three-dimensional analysis - PubMed
The objective of this study was to demonstrate sexual dimorphism in the entire three-dimensional facial surface form of adult humans. The sample consisted of female and male groups (n=200; age range, 18-35 years). Three-dimensional images of each participant's face at rest were recorded. A total...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
The female group exhibited a greater vertical height of the eye fissure, shorter postero-anterior height of the nasal tip, vertically greater supraorbital ridge, shorter lower face height relative to the total upper anterior face height, more prominent cheeks in the infraorbital region, less prominent cheeks in the buccal region, shorter vertical height of the subnasal region, a smaller nasal hump, and a smaller alar.
Sexual dimorphism of facial appearance in ageing human adults: A cross-sectional study - PubMed
In the forensic sciences, knowledge of facial ageing is very important in searching for both dead and living individuals. Ageing estimations typically model the biological profile, which can be compared to missing persons. The main goals of this current study were to construct ageing...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Male features included a longer face, with more protruded foreheads, eyebrow ridges and nose, including the region under the upper lip and mandible region, but more retruded cheeks compared to females.
Development of facial sexual dimorphism in children aged between 12 and 15 years: a three-dimensional longitudinal study - PubMed
The development of facial sexual dimorphism during pubertal growth is connected with ontogenetic allometry.
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
The differences were mainly associated with size. Generally boys had more prominent eyebrow ridges, more deeply set eyes, a flatter cheek area, and a more prominent nose and chin area.
Antero-posterior Prominence of Zygomatic Region
In men zygo prominence is more posterior due to flaring zygo arch and flatter malar convexity.
In females zygo prominence is more anterior due to increased malar convexity giving females that round/bulbous 'apple of the cheek' appearance from side profile.
Once again we see the females seem to have full and round upper cheeks with a visually non-existent zygomatic arch but the males seem to have flatter cheeks with visually prominent zygomatic arches.
Zygomatic Appearance From the Front
Males should have the high, sharp, and angular 'inverted boomerang' appearance.
Females should have a round and soft 'apple of the cheek' appearance.
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