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As a follow-up to my previous thread that states that listening to music has a negative effect on testosterone, this thread aims to summarise ALL the existing information about testosterone in a practical manner.
Not jerking off (positive effect for men)
This study states "acute abstinence does not change the neuroendocrine response to orgasm but does produce elevated levels of testosterone in males", in simpler terms that not jerking off elevates your testosterone but does not have an effect on your hormonal profile when you orgasm.
Having prestige/high-status within a group (positive effect for men, neutral effect for women)
This study postulates that "testosterone functions as a "competition hormone" that coordinates this behavioral plasticity through its characteristic rise and fall following victory and defeat", in other words testosterone up and down regulates (increases or decreases) to change your behaviour. This has the effect of causing "those who have suffered defeat [to] tend to defer and submit". The study's results show that "men who achieve high standing in the group's prestige hierarchy in the initial weeks of group formation show a rise in testosterone over the subsequent 2 months, whereas men with low-prestige show a decline or little change in testosterone". The conclusion of this study being that testosterone continuously up-regulates in this fashion due to the past experiences of prestige and as a way to keep "seeking and maintaining prestige". This up-regulation would create a permanent positive-feedback loop until capped by other biological processes.
Listening to music (slightly negative effect for men, positive effect for women)
Researchers found that "there was a significant difference between the sexes in the way music affected T. Music decreased T in males, whereas it increased T in females", the same researcher then went and did another study where he commented "I reported findings that music suppressed testosterone in the male", and then goes on to speculate in another study "that listening to music facilitates the neurogenesis, the regeneration and repair of cerebral nerves by adjusting the secretion of steroid hormones, ultimately leading to cerebral plasticity. Music affects levels of such steroids as cortisol (C), testosterone (T) and estrogen (E)".
A completely different study into creative music skills and testosterone found that "creative musical behavior was associated with very low testosterone values in males, and with high testosterone levels in females".
In addition, "the testosterone (T) levels declined in males when they listened to both types of music" and that "in females, the T levels increased in those listening to chill-inducing music" the nail in the coffin being "the 17-beta estradiol levels increased in males with both types of music", estradiol being a form of the hormone estrogen. So music decreases testosterone levels and increases estrogen levels for males, but for females listening to "chill-inducing music" increases their testosterone and estrogen levels. This being further backed up here, "testosterone decreased under music conditions compared with silence, but not significantly. However, significant sex differences were noted in the effects of music. Testosterone decreased in males under all conditions (p < 0.0001), whereas testosterone increased in females under all conditions (p = 0.0007)".
Interactions with women (positive effect for men)
This study found that from just "conversing with a woman" the men that did had "testosterone concentrations [that] were significantly greater" with their levels being "significant elevations of testosterone relative to both their own baseline concentrations and to change scores among the men who interacted with other men", the conclusion being "social interactions with potential mates can in fact trigger specific patterns of endocrine responses in human males".
Furthermore, this was also found to be true with women with "naturally-cycling women experienced a significant increase in both testosterone and cortisol in response to the experimental stimulus but to none of the control stimuli". Naturally-cycling meaning that these women were naturally producing hormones. Women who were taking "hormonal contraceptives also showed a significant cortisol response to the attractive man", and it can be inferred due to being reliant on contraceptives were unable to produce the testosterone response. The conclusion of this study being "women may release adrenal steroid hormones to facilitate courtship interactions with high mate-value men". My thoughts being that this supports the idea that testosterone functions as a competition hormone.
Videos (don't watch sad videos has a negative effect on men)
These researchers found that "significant (P<0.001) relative (%) increases in testosterone concentrations were noted with watching the erotic, humorous, aggressive and training videos (versus control and sad), with testosterone decreasing significantly (versus control) after the sad clip" with "the aggressive video also produc[ing] an elevated cortisol response", cortisol increases sugars (glucose) in the bloodstream, enhances your brain's use of glucose while curbing functions that are nonessential or detrimental in a fight-or-flight situation.
Plus some other studies, that in my opinion use shitty research methods so I'm not including them.
Not jerking off (positive effect for men)
This study states "acute abstinence does not change the neuroendocrine response to orgasm but does produce elevated levels of testosterone in males", in simpler terms that not jerking off elevates your testosterone but does not have an effect on your hormonal profile when you orgasm.
Having prestige/high-status within a group (positive effect for men, neutral effect for women)
This study postulates that "testosterone functions as a "competition hormone" that coordinates this behavioral plasticity through its characteristic rise and fall following victory and defeat", in other words testosterone up and down regulates (increases or decreases) to change your behaviour. This has the effect of causing "those who have suffered defeat [to] tend to defer and submit". The study's results show that "men who achieve high standing in the group's prestige hierarchy in the initial weeks of group formation show a rise in testosterone over the subsequent 2 months, whereas men with low-prestige show a decline or little change in testosterone". The conclusion of this study being that testosterone continuously up-regulates in this fashion due to the past experiences of prestige and as a way to keep "seeking and maintaining prestige". This up-regulation would create a permanent positive-feedback loop until capped by other biological processes.
Listening to music (slightly negative effect for men, positive effect for women)
Researchers found that "there was a significant difference between the sexes in the way music affected T. Music decreased T in males, whereas it increased T in females", the same researcher then went and did another study where he commented "I reported findings that music suppressed testosterone in the male", and then goes on to speculate in another study "that listening to music facilitates the neurogenesis, the regeneration and repair of cerebral nerves by adjusting the secretion of steroid hormones, ultimately leading to cerebral plasticity. Music affects levels of such steroids as cortisol (C), testosterone (T) and estrogen (E)".
A completely different study into creative music skills and testosterone found that "creative musical behavior was associated with very low testosterone values in males, and with high testosterone levels in females".
In addition, "the testosterone (T) levels declined in males when they listened to both types of music" and that "in females, the T levels increased in those listening to chill-inducing music" the nail in the coffin being "the 17-beta estradiol levels increased in males with both types of music", estradiol being a form of the hormone estrogen. So music decreases testosterone levels and increases estrogen levels for males, but for females listening to "chill-inducing music" increases their testosterone and estrogen levels. This being further backed up here, "testosterone decreased under music conditions compared with silence, but not significantly. However, significant sex differences were noted in the effects of music. Testosterone decreased in males under all conditions (p < 0.0001), whereas testosterone increased in females under all conditions (p = 0.0007)".
Interactions with women (positive effect for men)
This study found that from just "conversing with a woman" the men that did had "testosterone concentrations [that] were significantly greater" with their levels being "significant elevations of testosterone relative to both their own baseline concentrations and to change scores among the men who interacted with other men", the conclusion being "social interactions with potential mates can in fact trigger specific patterns of endocrine responses in human males".
Furthermore, this was also found to be true with women with "naturally-cycling women experienced a significant increase in both testosterone and cortisol in response to the experimental stimulus but to none of the control stimuli". Naturally-cycling meaning that these women were naturally producing hormones. Women who were taking "hormonal contraceptives also showed a significant cortisol response to the attractive man", and it can be inferred due to being reliant on contraceptives were unable to produce the testosterone response. The conclusion of this study being "women may release adrenal steroid hormones to facilitate courtship interactions with high mate-value men". My thoughts being that this supports the idea that testosterone functions as a competition hormone.
Videos (don't watch sad videos has a negative effect on men)
These researchers found that "significant (P<0.001) relative (%) increases in testosterone concentrations were noted with watching the erotic, humorous, aggressive and training videos (versus control and sad), with testosterone decreasing significantly (versus control) after the sad clip" with "the aggressive video also produc[ing] an elevated cortisol response", cortisol increases sugars (glucose) in the bloodstream, enhances your brain's use of glucose while curbing functions that are nonessential or detrimental in a fight-or-flight situation.
Plus some other studies, that in my opinion use shitty research methods so I'm not including them.
