JeffreyEdEpstein
Jeffrey Edward Epstein
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Hello everyone. Seeing as there have been very few debates for child marriage, I shall now share a compendium of an incredible amount of resources which prove that child marriage is allowed within Islam.
Before I start, there are some things to take note of. The word "child" shall from now on, for the sake of this post, mean someone who has not hit the age of puberty alongside the word "minor".
I also would like everyone reading this to know and to keep in mind that this is not an encouragement to go marry children. I am merely informing you of the Islamic view on child marriage.
Let's begin. Bismillah.
Table of Contents
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- Evidence 1 - The Prophetic Marriage to Aisha when she was a Child
- Evidence 2 - The Verse of a Child's Iddah
- Evidence 3 - General Scholarly Verdicts on the issue
- Evidence 4 - The Prophetic Exhortation to marry children
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Evidence 1 - The Prophetic Marriage to Aisha when she was a Child
Incident: Narrated Aisha: that the Prophet married her when she was six years old and he consummated his marriage when she was nine years old, and then she remained with him for nine years [ Sunnah ref: Bukhari 5133 ]
Authenticity:
Ibn Hazm the tenth century literalist commented:
Ibn Katheer the 14th century Shafi'i scholar most famous for his Tafsir Ibn kathir commented:
Legal Judgements:
Imam al Shafi'i from the 8th century, one of the acclaimed "Four Imams" of the Salaf commented:
Al Nawawi the fourteenth century Shafi'i jurist whose judgements are a source of one of the shafi'i Mu'tamad judgements (relied upon opinions) commented:
Ibn Hazm the tenth century literalist commented:
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Evidence 2 - The Verse of a Child's Iddah
The Text:
The Context of Revelation:
The Judgements:
Abdurahman ibn Zayd, who is the son of a Sahabi ( Prophetic Companion ) commented on this verse:
Imam al Bukhari, probably the most famous Hadith Scholar of all time commented on this verse:
Al Marghinani the 12th century Hanafi scholar whose works have received constant praise by the Ahnaf commented:
Maturidi, the founder of his own school of Sunni Creed commented:
al Tabarani the 9th century Hanbali scholar of Hadith who travelled the Arab world to Collect his own Hadith Books Commented:
Abu Bakr al Jassas the Tenth century Hanafite scholar who enjoys an authoritative position in the madhab commented:
Abu Ishaq al Tha'labi the 11th century Shafi'i Scholar who specialised in Quranic commentary commented:
Al Sarakhsi the tenth century Hanafi Jurist who was given the nickname Shams al Aimmah (The Sun of the Imams) commented on this verse:
Al Baghawi who is the Tafsir specialist I mentioned earlier, commented on this verse:
al Zamakhshari the 11th century Mu'tazili scholar who is deemed a heretic in creed, but his books are actually used by sunni scholars to study Qur'anic linguisics and metaphors. He commented:
Abd al Qadir al Jilani who is literally worshipped in some parts of the muslim world (lol) commented on this verse:
Ibn Qudamah al Muwaffaq. The Big Fish of the Hanabilah. Lots of Scholars described him as being "only a step below Imam Ahmad" in authority of this Madhab. He commented on 65.4:
al Qurtubi one of the latter jurists of the Maaliki madhab. He is from the 13th century, and because of this he had the benefit of being able to sift through the opinions and judgements from the time of Imam Maalik until himself. He commented on this verse:
Al Nawawi the fourteenth century Shafi'i jurist who I mentioned earlier, and he has a similar position to Qurtubi but Nawawi is even more acclaimed in his own Madhab: He commented:
Abul Barakat al Nasafi the 14th century Hanafi jurist who was described as (The Allamah of the World) by Ibn Hajar al Asqalani. Nasafi commented on this verse:
Ibn Juzayy al Kalbi the 13th century specialist on Comparative Fiqh commented:
Abu Hayyan al Andalusi the foremost Grammarian of his time commented on this verse:
Ibn Kathir the mufassir I mentioned earlier Commented:
Ibn Hajar al Asqalani whose position in the latter Shafi'i Madhab cannot be overstated, commented:
Abdur-rahman Sa’di, a fairly modern scholar relative to the ones mentioned above. Born in the 20th century and trained in the Hanbali Madhab. His Tafsir is still taught on some fairly popular muslim youtube channels like Abu Mussab Wajdi Akkari. Sa'di commented:
Ibn Uthaymin the wahhabi scholar who died in the 21st century, and forms a part of the wahhabi trinity commented:
Saleh al Fawzan the wahhabi palace scholar who forms another part of the wahhabi trinity and is still Alive commented:
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Evidence 3 - General Scholarly Verdicts on this Issue
Scholarly Consensus
Ibn Mundhir the Mujtahid of the Shafi'i madhab who was known for refraining from personal judgement and following the opinions of al Shafi'i claimed:
al Marwazi said:
Al Jawhari said:
Abu Walid al Baji, a Major Maalikite Scholar from the 11th century conveyed:
Al Baghawi who has been mentioned said:
al Qadi Iyyad said:
Ibn Qudamah wrote:
Ibn Hajar al Asqalani said:
Ibn Battal the Maaliki scholar said:
Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab the infamous King of Wahhabis said:
Ibn Rushd the Judge of Muslim Spain, also known as Averroes said:
al Nawawi said:
al Qurtubi said:
The Four Imams
al Shafi'i from the salaf said:
Abu Hanifah, the earliest of the Four Imams who lived roughly ~67 years after Muhammad died said:
Ibn al Qasim The Companion of the founding Imam Maalik (who was the Imam of Early Madinah) conveyed from Maalik:
Couldn't find a quote by Imam Ahmad. I did find a tonne of quotes where he is permitting something a step ahead child marriage but that's a different topic. Instead:
Ibn Taymiyyah, described by many muslims even today as Shaykh al Islam stated:
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Evidence 4 - The Prophetic Exhortation to Marry Little Girls
Incident:
Narrated Jabir bin Abdullah:
Narrated Jabir Ibn Abdullah:
Narrated Jabir Ibn Abdullah:
Conclusion
Child marriage was Permitted by Allah, Practised and Encouraged by His Messenger and Agreed upon by all of the Imams of the Salaf and the Classical Scholars from their Madhahib.
Credits:
- AlMansurMaliki
- Some insignificant kafir
Jeffrey Epstein out. Expect more Islamic posts from now me on key matters.
Sources recommended to learn Islam or to ask doubts regarding certain issues like child marriage, polygamy, creed etc...:
Point of Contact YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@pointofcontact9545
Abu Kitten Al Meowy Twitter account: @realalmeowy
Before I start, there are some things to take note of. The word "child" shall from now on, for the sake of this post, mean someone who has not hit the age of puberty alongside the word "minor".
I also would like everyone reading this to know and to keep in mind that this is not an encouragement to go marry children. I am merely informing you of the Islamic view on child marriage.
Let's begin. Bismillah.
Table of Contents
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Evidence 1 - The Prophetic Marriage to Aisha when she was a Child
- Evidence 2 - The Verse of a Child's Iddah
- Evidence 3 - General Scholarly Verdicts on the issue
- Evidence 4 - The Prophetic Exhortation to marry children
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Evidence 1 - The Prophetic Marriage to Aisha when she was a Child
Incident: Narrated Aisha: that the Prophet married her when she was six years old and he consummated his marriage when she was nine years old, and then she remained with him for nine years [ Sunnah ref: Bukhari 5133 ]
Authenticity:
Ibn Hazm the tenth century literalist commented:
Al Baghawi the 11th century shafi'i hadith Scholar and Shafi'i jurist commented:This is a well-known matter for which we are not required to provide chains of transmission. [ Muhalla bil Athar 9/40 ]
The authenticity of this hadith is agreed upon [ Sharh Sunnah 9/35 ]
Ibn Katheer the 14th century Shafi'i scholar most famous for his Tafsir Ibn kathir commented:
His statement: ‘He married Aisha when she was six, then consummated the marriage with her when she was nine’ is not disputed by anyone and is well established in the Sahih and elsewhere [ Sirah Nubula 2/146 ]
Legal Judgements:
Imam al Shafi'i from the 8th century, one of the acclaimed "Four Imams" of the Salaf commented:
If someone says, 'Why did you claim that the fathers can marry off their prepubescent ones?' Say: "Abu Bakr gave Aisha in marriage to the Messenger of Allah at the age of six or seven and the Prophet consummated the marriage at nine years of age." both the cases of marriage and consummation, took place when Aisha was prepubescent and had no command over herself. [ Kitab al Umm 7/163 ]
Al Nawawi the fourteenth century Shafi'i jurist whose judgements are a source of one of the shafi'i Mu'tamad judgements (relied upon opinions) commented:
In the Hadith of Aisha, she said: ‘The messenger of Allah married me when I was 6 years old and consummated the marriage at 9 years old.’ And in another narration it says he married her when she was 7 years old. This is explicit affirmation of the permissibility of the father marrying off his minor daughter without her consent. [ Sharh Muslim 9/206 ]
Ibn Hazm the tenth century literalist commented:
Qadi Iyyad the 11th century Maaliki Jurist who was appointed the Qadi (Judge) of Grenada, Muslim Spain commented:The evidence for the permissibility of a father contracting marriage for his minor virgin daughter is the marrying of Abu Bakr of his daughter Aisha to the Prophet when she was a girl of 6 years old...Whosoever claims that was a specific permission is not aware of Allah: ‘there has certainly been for you in the Messenger of Allah an excellent pattern for anyone whose hope is in Allah and the Last Day and remembers Allah often. ’(33.21) Thus we follow the Messenger in his example unless a text comes along to render it specific only to him. [ Muhalla bil Athar 9/40 ]
The Hadith of Aisha is the basis for the validity of fathers marrying off their virgin daughters and minor daughters. There is no difference of opinion among the scholars regarding the permissibility of a father marrying away his minor daughter who is not ready for intercourse. [ ikmail al mu'min bi fawaid muslim 4/572 ]
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Evidence 2 - The Verse of a Child's Iddah
The Text:
And those who no longer expect menstruation among your women - if you doubt, then their period is three months, ` and [also for] those who have not menstruated ` And for those who are pregnant, their term is until they give birth. And whoever fears Allah - He will make for him of his matter ease. (65.4)
The Context of Revelation:
The Judgements:
Abdurahman ibn Zayd, who is the son of a Sahabi ( Prophetic Companion ) commented on this verse:
Also on the one who did not menstruate, the Prepubescent girl: Three months [ Tafsir Tabari 65.4 ]
Imam al Bukhari, probably the most famous Hadith Scholar of all time commented on this verse:
Through His words: “and those who have not menstruated” so He made the waiting period of a girl before puberty three months. [ Sahih Bukhari 7/17 ]
Al Marghinani the 12th century Hanafi scholar whose works have received constant praise by the Ahnaf commented:
If she is one who does not menstruate due to young (sigher) or old age, then, her waiting period is three months, due to Allah’s saying … [65/4]. Likewise, those who have reached the age of puberty but haven’t menstruated yet. [ al-Hidaya 2/274 ]
Maturidi, the founder of his own school of Sunni Creed commented:
It is proven that what is meant is: If you doubt in the iddah of the menopausal and the prepubescent [ Tafsir Maturidi 65.4 ]
al Tabarani the 9th century Hanbali scholar of Hadith who travelled the Arab world to Collect his own Hadith Books Commented:
{and those who have not menstruated} means: and those who are minor [ Tafsir Tabarani 65.4 ]
Abu Bakr al Jassas the Tenth century Hanafite scholar who enjoys an authoritative position in the madhab commented:
He (Allah) ruled that the divorce of the minor girl who does not menstruate is valid. And divorce cannot occur except in a valid marriage. so the verse gives permissibility of marrying off a prepubescent girl [ Ahkam al Quran 2/346 ]
Abu Ishaq al Tha'labi the 11th century Shafi'i Scholar who specialised in Quranic commentary commented:
Al Mawardi the tenth century Shafi'i scholar who was an expert on Islamic Law and government and dealt with the manifestation of Islam in almost every sphere of life commented on this verse:{and those who have not menstruated} meaning the minor girls [ Tafsir Kashf wal Bayan 65.4]
Meaning the prepubescent girls. And the prepubescent girl is obligated to observe the waiting period for being divorced by her husband. Therefore, this is evidence for the permissibility of marrying a girl at the minor age [ al Hawi al Kabir 9/52 ]
Al Sarakhsi the tenth century Hanafi Jurist who was given the nickname Shams al Aimmah (The Sun of the Imams) commented on this verse:
Allah clarifies the waiting period for the minor girl. The reason for the waiting period according to Shariah is marriage. And it is evidence for the marriage of the minor girl.. [ Al Mabsut 4/212 ]
Al Baghawi who is the Tafsir specialist I mentioned earlier, commented on this verse:
meaning the minor ones who did not menstruate, so their waiting period is also three months [ Tafsir Mu’alim al Tanzeel 65.4 ]
al Zamakhshari the 11th century Mu'tazili scholar who is deemed a heretic in creed, but his books are actually used by sunni scholars to study Qur'anic linguisics and metaphors. He commented:
Abu Bakr Ibn Al Arabi the Giant of the Latter scholars of the Maaliki Madhab [ not the hermit/sufi ] commented:{and those who have not menstruated yet} They are the minor ones [ Tafsir al Kashaaf 65.4 ]
meaning, the minor [ Ahkam al Quran 4/285 ]
Abd al Qadir al Jilani who is literally worshipped in some parts of the muslim world (lol) commented on this verse:
>due to young age or sickness [ Tafsir al Jilani 65.4 ]
Ibn Qudamah al Muwaffaq. The Big Fish of the Hanabilah. Lots of Scholars described him as being "only a step below Imam Ahmad" in authority of this Madhab. He commented on 65.4:
>The fact that it is permissible to give a minor girl in marriage is indicated by the words of Allah (65.4) So the iddah for one who has not started to menstruate is 3 months, and the iddah of 3 months can only be required in the case of divorce or annulment of marriage. This suggests that she may be married and divorced, and her consent is not essential. [ al Mughni 7/40 ]
al Qurtubi one of the latter jurists of the Maaliki madhab. He is from the 13th century, and because of this he had the benefit of being able to sift through the opinions and judgements from the time of Imam Maalik until himself. He commented on this verse:
>Meaning the minors [ Tafsir al Qurtubi 65.4 ]
Al Nawawi the fourteenth century Shafi'i jurist who I mentioned earlier, and he has a similar position to Qurtubi but Nawawi is even more acclaimed in his own Madhab: He commented:
>This indicates that the marriage of a minor girl who has not started her menstruations is authentic [ Al Majmu 16/168 ]
Abul Barakat al Nasafi the 14th century Hanafi jurist who was described as (The Allamah of the World) by Ibn Hajar al Asqalani. Nasafi commented on this verse:
>{and those who have not menstruated yet} are the minor ones [ Tafsir mudarik al tanzeel wa haqaaiq al ta’weel 65.4 ]
Ibn Juzayy al Kalbi the 13th century specialist on Comparative Fiqh commented:
>Those who have not menstruated’ means the minor girls who have not reached the age of menstruation. [ al-Tashil li Ulum al-Tanzil 2/386 ]
Abu Hayyan al Andalusi the foremost Grammarian of his time commented on this verse:
>denotes those not menstruated because of being young [ Tafsir al Bahr al Muheet 65.4 ]
Ibn Kathir the mufassir I mentioned earlier Commented:
>The same for the young, who have not reached the years of menstruation. Their Iddah is three months like those in menopause. [ Tafsir ibn Kathir 65.4 ]
Ibn Hajar al Asqalani whose position in the latter Shafi'i Madhab cannot be overstated, commented:
>He made the waiting period three months [for those who] haven’t hit puberty yet, which indicates that giving her into nikah before puberty is permissible. [ Fath ul Bari 9/90 ]
Abdur-rahman Sa’di, a fairly modern scholar relative to the ones mentioned above. Born in the 20th century and trained in the Hanbali Madhab. His Tafsir is still taught on some fairly popular muslim youtube channels like Abu Mussab Wajdi Akkari. Sa'di commented:
>And those who have not menstruated yet} means the young (alsighar) who have not yet started to menstruate. Adult women who have never menstruated at all are like those who despair of menstruation; their iddah is three months. [ Tafsir Sa’di 65.4 ]
Ibn Uthaymin the wahhabi scholar who died in the 21st century, and forms a part of the wahhabi trinity commented:
>Even if she is not menstruating due to being young or reaching menopause [ Fatawa Nur ala al Darb 19/2 ]
Saleh al Fawzan the wahhabi palace scholar who forms another part of the wahhabi trinity and is still Alive commented:
>and the young girl who has not menstruated yet, she has a waiting period of three months. For Allah says ‘and those who do not menstruate’ [ Al-Mulakhas Al-Fiqhi 2/427 ]
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Evidence 3 - General Scholarly Verdicts on this Issue
Scholarly Consensus
Ibn Mundhir the Mujtahid of the Shafi'i madhab who was known for refraining from personal judgement and following the opinions of al Shafi'i claimed:
>There is consensus among the scholars that a father’s contract of marriage for his prepubescent virgin daughter is binding if he marries her to a kufu. This is the opinion of Malik, Al Thawri, Al-Layth ibn sa'd, Al Awza’i, Ubaid Allah Bin Al-Hassan, Al-Shafi’i, Ahmad, Ishaq, Abu Ubaid, Abu Thawr, and the people of opinion. And their evidence is the hadith of Aisha. And we hold to the same opinion. [ Al Ishraf 5/19 ]
al Marwazi said:
The scholars have a consensus that the father can marry off his prepubescent (alsaghirain) son and daughter, and they have no right of rescission (khiyar) in the matter if later they reach maturity . This is because the Prophet married Aisha when she was a girl of 6 and consummated the marriage when she was a girl of 9. Several companions of the Prophet also permitted it. Among them are Umar, Ali, Ibn Umar, alZubayr, Qudamah ibn Maz’un, Ammar and Ibn Shubruma.” [ Ikhtilaf al Ulema pg227 ]
Al Jawhari said:
They unanimously agreed that it is permissible to marry off a prepubescent girl [ Nawadir al Fuqaha pg83 ]
Abu Walid al Baji, a Major Maalikite Scholar from the 11th century conveyed:
>As for the prepubescent girl , there is no dispute that the father can compel her into marriage… The basis for this is Allah’s saying (65.4) [ Al Muntaqa sharh al Muwatta 3/272 ]
Al Baghawi who has been mentioned said:
>The scholars have agreed that it is permissible for the father and grandfather to marry off his prepubescent virgin daughter, because of the hadith of Aisha [ sharh al Sunnah 9/37 ]
al Qadi Iyyad said:
>There is no difference of opinion among the scholars regarding the permissibility of a father marrying away his minor daughter who is not ready for intercourse. [ Ikmal al-Mu’lim bi Fawa'id Muslim 4/572 ]
Ibn Qudamah wrote:
>Every scholar from whom we learned is unanimously agreed that it is permissible for a man to marry off his virgin daughter who is still a minor [ Al Mughni 7/40 ]
Ibn Hajar al Asqalani said:
>The prepubescent virgin is married off by her father, by agreement… [ Fath ul Bari 9/191 ]
Ibn Battal the Maaliki scholar said:
>It is unanimously agreed that the marriage of prepubescent girls is allowed, even if she was still in the cradle, but intercourse cannot occur until the girl is ready for penetration [Sharh Sahih Bukhari 7/172]
Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab the infamous King of Wahhabis said:
>They have unanimously agreed that the waiting period of a non-pregnant woman, from the time of her husband’s death is fourteen months. Whether she had sexual relations or not, whether Prepubescent or an adult [ Mukhtasar al- Insaf wa'l-Sharh al-Kabir p 696 ]
Ibn Rushd the Judge of Muslim Spain, also known as Averroes said:
>They(the Scholars) arrived at the consensus that the father can force a Prepubescent Virgin [ Bidayat al Mujtahid 3/34 ]
al Nawawi said:
>The Muslims are unanimously agreed upon that he (the father) is permitted to marry off his Prepubescent virgin daughter [ Sharh Muslim 9/206 ]
al Qurtubi said:
>If she is Prepubescent , he can marry her off without her consent because she neither has permission nor consent, there is no disagreement. [ Tafsir Qurtubi 13/272 ]
The Four Imams
al Shafi'i from the salaf said:
>And the fathers marrying off their minor children is an ancient affair. And no one disputes the fact that it is permissible. [ Ikhtilaf al Hadith pg627 ]
Abu Hanifah, the earliest of the Four Imams who lived roughly ~67 years after Muhammad died said:
>If the father marries away his minor girl and minor boy or if the father is deceased and the grandfather marries them away, the marriage is valid, and they don’t have the choice upon reaching puberty. [ Hujjah ala ahl al madina 3/140 ]
Ibn al Qasim The Companion of the founding Imam Maalik (who was the Imam of Early Madinah) conveyed from Maalik:
>No one can be compelled to marry according to Maalik, and no one can compel anyone to marry according to Maalik, except the father with regard to his virgin daughter or his minor son or with regard to his female slave or his male slave or the guardian with regard to the male orphan in his charge. [ mudawwana al Kubra 2/100 ]
Couldn't find a quote by Imam Ahmad. I did find a tonne of quotes where he is permitting something a step ahead child marriage but that's a different topic. Instead:
Ibn Taymiyyah, described by many muslims even today as Shaykh al Islam stated:
>she is not forced to marry, except for the prepubescent girl her father can marry her off without her permission. [ Majmu Fatwa 32/39 ]
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Evidence 4 - The Prophetic Exhortation to Marry Little Girls
Incident:
Narrated Jabir bin Abdullah:
>My father died and left seven or nine girls and I married a matron. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to me, "O Jabir! Have you married?" I said, "Yes." He said, "A virgin or a matron?" I replied, "A matron." he said, "Why not a young girl, so that you might play with her and she with you, and you might amuse her and she amuse you." I said, " `Abdullah (my father) died and left girls, and I dislike to marry a girl like them, so I married a lady (matron) so that she may look after them." On that he said, "May Allah bless you," or "That is good. [ Sunnah ref: Sahih Bukhari 5367 ]
Narrated Jabir Ibn Abdullah:
>I am newly married " He said, "Did you marry a virgin or a matron? I replied, "A matron." He said, "Why didn't you marry a young girl so that you may play with her and she with you?" [ Sunnah ref: Sahih Bukhari 5079]
Narrated Jabir Ibn Abdullah:
O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! My father was martyred on the day of Uhud and left nine (orphan) daughters who are my nine sisters; so I disliked to have another young girl of their age, but (I sought) an (elderly) woman who could comb their hair and look after them." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "You have done the right thing. [ Sunnah ref: Sahih Bukhari 4052 ]
Conclusion
Child marriage was Permitted by Allah, Practised and Encouraged by His Messenger and Agreed upon by all of the Imams of the Salaf and the Classical Scholars from their Madhahib.
Credits:
- AlMansurMaliki
- Some insignificant kafir
Jeffrey Epstein out. Expect more Islamic posts from now me on key matters.
Sources recommended to learn Islam or to ask doubts regarding certain issues like child marriage, polygamy, creed etc...:
Point of Contact YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@pointofcontact9545
Abu Kitten Al Meowy Twitter account: @realalmeowy