Askinov
𝙱𝚅𝙻𝙻 | 𝓦.𝓓 - 𝓢𝓾𝓫 𝓻𝓸𝓼𝓪 ® |
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LETS GET TO UNDERTONES ~ MY SECOND LAST THREAD
Eumelanin
eumelanin has two forms ~ 5,6 - dihydroxyindole (DHI ) and 5,6 - dihydroxyindole - 2 carboxylic acid ( DHICA)
DHI is Dark brown or black and is insoluble form of eumelanin
DHICA is a lighter and soluble form of eumelanin soluble in alkali
Both arises from oxidation of tyrosine in melanosomes catalyzed from tyrosinase
In natural condition DHI n DHICA can co polymerize and result into wide range of eumelanin polymers these polymers will contribute into ~ light yellow / red pheomelanin to light brown DHICA enriched eumelanin and dark brown DHI enrinched eumelanin
in the analysis of ftz type V an VI
eumelanin was up to 60 to 70 % and DHICA eumelanin up to 25 to 35 % and pheomelanin by 2 to 5 %
and also note that DHICA down = DHI up
these are present in skin and hair and small amount of this pigment will give blonde hair to bitches
en.wikipedia.org
Pheomelanin
Concentrated in lips ,nipple, glans of dih and puh these are usually yellow to red color . small amount of eumelanin in hair = blonde and if mixed with pheomelanin will give orange
since pheomelanin is the regulators of yellow or pinkish skin
yeah exposure to uv increases both eumelanin and pheomelanin content but since eumelanin absorbs more light it grows faster
and pheomelanin rather absorbing light they reflect red and yellow light
pheomelanin production is also dependent in the availibity of cysteine which is transported into melanosome reacting with dopaquinone to form cys ~dopaquinone
pheomelanin contains two variants contains benzothiazine and benzothiazole
en.wikipedia.org
Eumelanin
eumelanin has two forms ~ 5,6 - dihydroxyindole (DHI ) and 5,6 - dihydroxyindole - 2 carboxylic acid ( DHICA)
DHI is Dark brown or black and is insoluble form of eumelanin
DHICA is a lighter and soluble form of eumelanin soluble in alkali
Both arises from oxidation of tyrosine in melanosomes catalyzed from tyrosinase
In natural condition DHI n DHICA can co polymerize and result into wide range of eumelanin polymers these polymers will contribute into ~ light yellow / red pheomelanin to light brown DHICA enriched eumelanin and dark brown DHI enrinched eumelanin
in the analysis of ftz type V an VI
eumelanin was up to 60 to 70 % and DHICA eumelanin up to 25 to 35 % and pheomelanin by 2 to 5 %
and also note that DHICA down = DHI up
these are present in skin and hair and small amount of this pigment will give blonde hair to bitches
Melanin - Wikipedia
Pheomelanin
Concentrated in lips ,nipple, glans of dih and puh these are usually yellow to red color . small amount of eumelanin in hair = blonde and if mixed with pheomelanin will give orange
since pheomelanin is the regulators of yellow or pinkish skin
yeah exposure to uv increases both eumelanin and pheomelanin content but since eumelanin absorbs more light it grows faster
and pheomelanin rather absorbing light they reflect red and yellow light
pheomelanin production is also dependent in the availibity of cysteine which is transported into melanosome reacting with dopaquinone to form cys ~dopaquinone
pheomelanin contains two variants contains benzothiazine and benzothiazole
Melanin - Wikipedia
see these reactions again
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10488698/#sec2-molecules-28-06237
As i told from wiki earlier l cysteine is a major shit to produce pheomelanin
enzymatic reduction of tyrosinase can be activated by SH group ( - Sulfhydryl group ) ( Thiol ) group
so include these thiol group flood your system with these
| SH group | Pathway | outcome |
|---|---|---|
| L-Cysteinamide ( best ) dual action | Coordinates with copper active site + highly efficient dopaquinone diversion. | Decreases eumelanin and total melanin; selectively increases pheomelanin ratio. |
| Glutathione (GSH) | Direct antioxidant reduction of dopachrome precursors + chemical conjugation. | Suppresses overall melanogenesis; systematically shifts the eumelanin/pheomelanin ratio. |
| Captopril & Methimazole | Synthetic sulfur/thiol-containing pharmaceutical agents that cross-react with copper proteins. | Act as potent clinical/in vitro tyrosinase inhibitors. |
it will be counter productive to say that blocking tyrosine is good cause as it is the main precursor to make pheomelanin to what i am trying to do is shifting the ratio of eumelanin to pheomelanin production
Next step is to lower intramelanosomal ph (keep it 5.8 to 6.3 )
from this article
." We found that pheomelanin production either from dopa or tyrosine in the presence of cysteine by tyrosinase was greatest at pH values of 5.8-6.3, while eumelanin production was suppressed at pH 5.8 "
how to lower ?
cAMP
The primary thing that makes melanosomes neutral (alkaline) is cAMP pathway, usually activated by UV light or alpha-MSH. When cAMP rises, it signals the cell to pump out protons and neutralize the environment, prompting eumelanin production
how to do it using Pka inhibitor (H89 )
or
soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) activators/inhibitors
2. You can also Suppress Ion and Proton Exchangers (OCA2 and SLC45A2)
Melanosomes rely on specific gateway proteins on their membranes to pump protons out and keep the area alkaline . Two of the most critical are the P-protein (encoded by the OCA2 gene) and SLC45A2. When these proteins are highly active, pH rises and eumelanin increases
i am actually not sure on here but
those are the good pathways to lower the eumelanin and increase pheomelanin
3. Is to mimic or upregulate Agouti Signaling Protein (ASP)
When alpha-MSH binds to MC1R, it signals the cell to make eumelanin. However a molecule ASP acts as a natural antagonist and it blocks MC1R
When ASP blocks the receptor, it suppresses the transcription of downstream eumelanic enzymes (like TRP-1 and TRP-2) without totally killing tyrosinase activity. This causes cell to produce pheomelanin by default.
some peptides that can do it are
Nonapeptide-1
Acetyl Hexapeptide-1
i will not talk much about them as you can do the research yourself tho you shouldn't skip on thiol group .
Ok so you have finally shifted the eumelanin to pheomelanin ratio but what about the colors you get red or yellow what determines that ?
So from this article what i know is https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1755-148X.2009.00589.x
the new work was done on mice and the conversion of 1,4 benzothiazines to benzothiazole is the reason why some have reddish undertones over time though the data is still limited for now
and plus
and its on you who research more i already purpose this new thing now yall need to advance it
When ASP blocks the receptor, it suppresses the transcription of downstream eumelanic enzymes (like TRP-1 and TRP-2) without totally killing tyrosinase activity. This causes cell to produce pheomelanin by default.
some peptides that can do it are
Nonapeptide-1
Acetyl Hexapeptide-1
i will not talk much about them as you can do the research yourself tho you shouldn't skip on thiol group .
Ok so you have finally shifted the eumelanin to pheomelanin ratio but what about the colors you get red or yellow what determines that ?
So from this article what i know is https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1755-148X.2009.00589.x
the new work was done on mice and the conversion of 1,4 benzothiazines to benzothiazole is the reason why some have reddish undertones over time though the data is still limited for now
and plus
and its on you who research more i already purpose this new thing now yall need to advance it
hemoglobin oxygen level (low or high )
In grade 11 or 12 we have learnt that metal oxides produces color and has a wide variety of colors this happens due to chemical crystalline structure , oxidation state , charge transfer and d-orbital electron transitions if i explain have to explain this it will be a chapter explaining every stuff
so either google it or go check high school book again
oxidized hemoglobin is bright red in color
and why is deoxygenated hemoglobin looks purple in color ?
When oxygen is removed , the protein shifts into a "Taut" (T) state. This is the structural rearrangement that will change the energy level of the iron electrons making the molecule to absorb much more visible red light than it did before. Because it absorbs a significant portion of the red spectrum, the reflected light dims into a dark red and with vein color it looks purple
and also according to this study
www.scirp.org
in this study they use oxygen inhalers or oxygen boost and the findings were that oxygen inhalation significantly raised blood oxygen saturation and the placebo did not.
" Skin showed a significant increase in the "redness" (a*) dimension after oxygen, and a decrease in "blueness" (b*) "
as i told earlier
so you can use oxygen inhalers too
they took around 15 inhalers per treatment though i can not fully predict the dosages
and also to max it out other way
you can take compound which can increase blood flow overall
do exercises
consume a decent amount of iron ( imo won't matter cause you need 02 to bond with iron rather than having iron more )
repeated hitting / slapping / micro trauma can also increase it ) ~ it more about the blood flow tho don't get it wrong
beta-carotene and lycopene and Astaxanthin
heavily talked oversaturated topic imo
but here is the water for you
carotenoids are pure hydrocarbons containing no oxygen and they are hydrophobic cause they are tetraterpenoids and lack strong polar groups
so they cant be washed with water and dissolve with fat cause of molecular structure and also gets converted into vitamin A
its really good to get golden undertone with this esp if you are fitzpatrick 1 to 3 and skin bleaching is really easy
and this also deposits into stratum corneum upper layer of skin between the oil spaces between skin cell ( lipid lamellae )
take around ~ 10 to 15 mg daily
and lycopene for red hue same is a carotenoid and has a same behaviour of carotenoid as i mentioned above just gives a different glow ( a bit pinkish - orange i say ) cause of different structure
dosing is ~ 15 mg daily is fine
astaxanthin is non hydrophobic but your body doesnot convert it into vitamin A unlike beta and lyco and is still attaches into stratum corneum and gives a pinkish hue to the skin
8 to 12 mg must be fine
@HST @Sayori @buccalfatremoval @Sycophant @BigBallsLarry
In grade 11 or 12 we have learnt that metal oxides produces color and has a wide variety of colors this happens due to chemical crystalline structure , oxidation state , charge transfer and d-orbital electron transitions if i explain have to explain this it will be a chapter explaining every stuff
so either google it or go check high school book again
oxidized hemoglobin is bright red in color
and why is deoxygenated hemoglobin looks purple in color ?
When oxygen is removed , the protein shifts into a "Taut" (T) state. This is the structural rearrangement that will change the energy level of the iron electrons making the molecule to absorb much more visible red light than it did before. Because it absorbs a significant portion of the red spectrum, the reflected light dims into a dark red and with vein color it looks purple
and also according to this study
Life “in the Pink”. Brief Administration of BOOST Oxygen Beauty® Elevates Blood Oxygen Saturation and Enhances Facial Skin Colour
Discover the effects of BOOST Oxygen Beauty？ inhalation on blood oxygen saturation levels and facial skin color. This study reveals significant changes in saturation and color, offering intriguing implications for health, attractiveness, and age ratings.
in this study they use oxygen inhalers or oxygen boost and the findings were that oxygen inhalation significantly raised blood oxygen saturation and the placebo did not.
" Skin showed a significant increase in the "redness" (a*) dimension after oxygen, and a decrease in "blueness" (b*) "
as i told earlier
so you can use oxygen inhalers too
they took around 15 inhalers per treatment though i can not fully predict the dosages
and also to max it out other way
you can take compound which can increase blood flow overall
do exercises
consume a decent amount of iron ( imo won't matter cause you need 02 to bond with iron rather than having iron more )
repeated hitting / slapping / micro trauma can also increase it ) ~ it more about the blood flow tho don't get it wrong
beta-carotene and lycopene and Astaxanthin
heavily talked oversaturated topic imo
but here is the water for you
carotenoids are pure hydrocarbons containing no oxygen and they are hydrophobic cause they are tetraterpenoids and lack strong polar groups
so they cant be washed with water and dissolve with fat cause of molecular structure and also gets converted into vitamin A
its really good to get golden undertone with this esp if you are fitzpatrick 1 to 3 and skin bleaching is really easy
and this also deposits into stratum corneum upper layer of skin between the oil spaces between skin cell ( lipid lamellae )
take around ~ 10 to 15 mg daily
and lycopene for red hue same is a carotenoid and has a same behaviour of carotenoid as i mentioned above just gives a different glow ( a bit pinkish - orange i say ) cause of different structure
dosing is ~ 15 mg daily is fine
astaxanthin is non hydrophobic but your body doesnot convert it into vitamin A unlike beta and lyco and is still attaches into stratum corneum and gives a pinkish hue to the skin
8 to 12 mg must be fine
@HST @Sayori @buccalfatremoval @Sycophant @BigBallsLarry
