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www.newyorkfed.org
Latest Release: February 4, 2026, based on data from 2024
The Labor Market for Recent College Graduates
Data on employment outcomes for new graduates and young workers.
Labor Market Outcomes of College Graduates by Major in 2024
| Major ▲ ▼ | Unemployment Rate ▲ ▼ | Underemployment Rate ▲ ▼ | Median Wage Early Career ▲ ▼ | Median Wage Mid‑Career ▲ ▼ | Share with Graduate Degree ▲ ▼ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Special Education | 0.7% | 16.0% | $46,000 | $56,000 | 61.1% |
| Miscellaneous Education | 1.1% | 24.5% | $48,000 | $60,000 | 59.9% |
| Elementary Education | 1.2% | 16.2% | $45,000 | $55,000 | 50.6% |
| Agriculture | 1.4% | 57.1% | $56,000 | $80,000 | 22.5% |
| Geography | 1.6% | 43.0% | $50,000 | $88,000 | 34.7% |
| Foreign Language | 1.6% | 54.0% | $48,000 | $77,000 | 53.1% |
| Engineering Technologies | 1.7% | 44.4% | $65,000 | $104,000 | 27.9% |
| Social Services | 1.9% | 30.1% | $43,000 | $60,000 | 53.8% |
| Secondary Education | 2.1% | 21.7% | $45,300 | $62,000 | 52.7% |
| Nursing | 2.1% | 12.8% | $70,000 | $87,000 | 30.3% |
| Public Policy and Law | 2.2% | 45.5% | $55,000 | $80,000 | 47.0% |
| Construction Services | 2.2% | 17.9% | $75,000 | $120,000 | 12.2% |
| Aerospace Engineering | 2.2% | 14.7% | $85,000 | $130,000 | 45.5% |
| Journalism | 2.3% | 43.3% | $49,000 | $87,000 | 26.3% |
| General Social Sciences | 2.3% | 38.0% | $45,200 | $75,000 | 39.3% |
| Civil Engineering | 2.3% | 15.6% | $75,000 | $115,000 | 37.1% |
| Miscellaneous Physical Sciences | 2.5% | 22.5% | $60,000 | $81,000 | 54.0% |
| Animal and Plant Sciences | 2.5% | 53.5% | $46,600 | $79,000 | 36.6% |
| Treatment Therapy | 2.6% | 39.1% | $50,000 | $70,000 | 53.4% |
| General Education | 2.6% | 28.1% | $45,000 | $56,000 | 51.7% |
| Accounting | 2.6% | 21.2% | $68,000 | $97,000 | 33.7% |
| Leisure and Hospitality | 2.7% | 58.1% | $45,000 | $75,000 | 36.1% |
| Biochemistry | 2.7% | 42.0% | $52,000 | $100,000 | 71.9% |
| Finance | 2.8% | 27.8% | $70,000 | $112,000 | 31.5% |
| Theology and Religion | 3.1% | 47.5% | $41,600 | $66,000 | 46.4% |
| Electrical Engineering | 3.2% | 21.1% | $82,000 | $123,000 | 47.7% |
| Economics | 3.5% | 33.1% | $72,000 | $115,000 | 41.6% |
| Miscellaneous Technologies | 3.6% | 49.0% | $54,000 | $96,000 | 19.5% |
| Criminal Justice | 3.6% | 65.8% | $50,000 | $80,000 | 24.6% |
| Miscellaneous Engineering | 3.7% | 26.4% | $75,000 | $105,000 | 46.3% |
| Liberal Arts | 3.8% | 54.6% | $45,000 | $75,000 | 30.9% |
| Health Services | 3.8% | 45.1% | $50,000 | $67,000 | 52.9% |
| Earth Sciences | 3.8% | 31.4% | $50,000 | $75,000 | 45.6% |
| Business Management | 3.8% | 52.6% | $56,000 | $82,000 | 25.3% |
| Interdisciplinary Studies | 3.9% | 45.2% | $52,000 | $80,000 | 40.4% |
| Communications | 3.9% | 53.0% | $52,000 | $88,000 | 24.7% |
| Overall | 4.2% | 39.4% | $58,000 | $87,000 | 39.3% |
| Industrial Engineering | 4.2% | 31.7% | $83,000 | $100,000 | 40.6% |
| History | 4.3% | 50.1% | $47,500 | $80,000 | 51.4% |
| General Business | 4.3% | 50.4% | $60,000 | $90,000 | 25.3% |
| Family and Consumer Sciences | 4.3% | 45.6% | $48,000 | $65,000 | 35.7% |
| Chemistry | 4.3% | 42.8% | $50,000 | $86,000 | 67.5% |
| Biology | 4.3% | 51.1% | $45,000 | $83,000 | 64.0% |
| Miscellaneous Biological Science | 4.4% | 46.9% | $46,000 | $80,000 | 59.5% |
| Mechanical Engineering | 4.4% | 20.1% | $80,000 | $120,000 | 39.1% |
| Marketing | 4.4% | 49.3% | $60,000 | $100,000 | 19.7% |
| Political Science | 4.5% | 48.7% | $52,000 | $100,000 | 52.7% |
| Nutrition Sciences | 4.5% | 48.3% | $50,000 | $70,000 | 50.6% |
| General Engineering | 4.5% | 31.1% | $75,000 | $105,000 | 37.1% |
| Sociology | 4.6% | 52.0% | $49,900 | $79,000 | 39.1% |
| Chemical Engineering | 4.7% | 17.9% | $85,000 | $135,000 | 48.1% |
| Ethnic Studies | 4.9% | 49.6% | $52,000 | $90,000 | 51.2% |
| Psychology | 5.0% | 48.3% | $45,000 | $72,000 | 51.9% |
| Business Analytics | 5.0% | 28.7% | $72,000 | $109,000 | 26.7% |
| Philosophy | 5.1% | 47.1% | $52,000 | $80,000 | 56.9% |
| Mass Media | 5.2% | 52.1% | $50,000 | $80,000 | 19.3% |
| Pharmacy | 5.6% | 30.5% | $40,000 | $85,000 | 67.4% |
| Commercial Art & Graphic Design | 5.7% | 37.1% | $50,000 | $80,000 | 13.0% |
| Advertising and Public Relations | 5.7% | 38.1% | $60,000 | $92,000 | 22.8% |
| Mathematics | 5.8% | 26.2% | $70,000 | $100,000 | 51.3% |
| Information Systems & Management | 6.0% | 25.6% | $67,000 | $100,000 | 27.9% |
| International Affairs | 6.1% | 45.2% | $64,000 | $90,000 | 46.3% |
| English Language | 6.1% | 48.5% | $48,000 | $76,000 | 46.2% |
| Medical Technicians | 6.2% | 47.0% | $62,000 | $80,000 | 24.7% |
| Environmental Studies | 6.3% | 50.5% | $50,000 | $80,000 | 31.9% |
| Physics | 6.6% | 29.1% | $67,000 | $105,000 | 67.3% |
| Early Childhood Education | 6.6% | 22.3% | $45,000 | $52,000 | 43.8% |
| Art History | 6.7% | 45.3% | $45,000 | $91,000 | 47.8% |
| Architecture | 6.8% | 25.7% | $60,000 | $91,000 | 40.8% |
| Performing Arts | 7.0% | 63.9% | $44,000 | $75,000 | 38.4% |
| Computer Science | 7.0% | 19.1% | $87,000 | $120,000 | 32.7% |
| Fine Arts | 7.7% | 58.9% | $45,000 | $72,000 | 22.5% |
| Computer Engineering | 7.8% | 15.8% | $90,000 | $131,000 | 39.4% |
| Anthropology | 7.9% | 55.3% | $45,000 | $65,000 | 48.2% |
