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Exposure to Cold Temperatures Can Change Our Gene Expression and Fat Cells | What is Epigenetics?
Long-term exposure to cold temperatures could actually affect our gene expression and influence our fat cells, a recent study suggests. Research published in Nature Communications offers more evidence on how lifestyle choices and exposure to our environment can dictate the way our genes express...
www.whatisepigenetics.com
An organism’s sympathetic nervous system responds when it’s cold for a long time by releasing adrenaline, eventually reaching white fat if the cold persists. First, the cell begins to change an amino acid in a protein called JMJD1A, which is a histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) demethylase. The altered JMJD1A (also known as JHDM2A or KDM3A) then recruits other proteins.
Afterward, the JMJD1A protein complex is recruited to genes that begin thermogenesis. JMJD1A adjusts the epigenetic pattern to turn genes on, making them active. These particular epigenetic alterations transform white fat cells into beige fat cells, which, like brown fat cells, can carry out thermogenesis.