How much does genetics determine your life — research and calculations

kewerest · Friday at 5:22 AM

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.

Meta-analysis of all twin studies

https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

"Heritability estimates cluster strongly within functional domains, and across all traits the reported heritability is 49%"

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

"For a majority (69%) of traits, the observed twin correlations are consistent with a simple and parsimonious model where twin resemblance is solely due to additive genetic variation"

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.

Height and weight

2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

"Anthropometric measures showed high heritability (80% or more for most traits), while the remaining variation was explained by environmental factors not shared by twins"

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

"Heritability of body mass, height, and BMI was low at birth (from 6.4 to 8.7% for boys and from 4.8 to 7.9% for girls), but increased with age, explaining almost half or more of the variance in body mass and BMI after 5 months in both sexes"

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

"In adolescence, height (94%), neck circumference (85%), LDL cholesterol (81%), waist circumference (70%), triglycerides (69%), weight (68%), and BMI (65%) - all were highly or moderately heritable"

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

"Estimated heritability of height based on twin design increased from birth to 17 years. For children under 5, estimated heritability was 0.57. Heritability estimated from the parent-offspring design was 0.46 at birth and 0.76 at 17 years"

The body is almost entirely genetics.

Face

1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

"Modeling showed that all facial proportions are controlled by additive genes and specific environment. The genetic component was 71% for upper/lower facial height, 66% for anterior/posterior height, 62% for total facial height"

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

"At age 12, strong additive genetic influence was observed for facial convexity (70%), upper lip profile (66%), and nose protrusion (65%). At age 17, only upper lip thickness (55%) and nose protrusion (84%) were under strong additive genetic control"

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

"Three principal components showed evidence of moderate or high heritability and were associated with variation in the width of orbital and nasal structures, height and projection of the upper lip, and vertical and anterior projection of the nasal root"

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

"24 genetic loci reaching genome-wide significance were identified. A subsequent multi-ethnic study confirmed 10 loci, including six previously undescribed"

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

"253 markers in 188 loci associated with facial variations were identified. These markers explain up to 7.9% of variation for a specific trait. SNP heritability (markers) averaged 0.23, with a maximum of 0.36 for the nose and forehead"

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.

Personality

2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

"Agency (the capacity to act independently) is moderately heritable (44.4%), strongly correlates with extraversion (r = 0.51)... about 40% of the variance in agency is shared with the Big Five"

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

"Heritability estimates for the three risk factors were 48% (95% CI 41–54%), 35% (CI 28–42%), and 37% (CI 31–44%), respectively"

Character is half-set.

IQ

2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

"Heritability estimates of IQ increase from 20% in infancy to 80% in adulthood"

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

"Models suggest that in poor families 60% of IQ variance is explained by shared environment, while the contribution of genes is close to zero; in rich families the result is almost the opposite"

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.

Self-control

2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

"Results showed an overall correlation between monozygotic twins of 0.58 and an overall correlation between dizygotic twins of 0.28, leading to a heritability estimate of 60%"

60% of self-control is genetics.

Optimism

2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

"Additive genetic factors explained 36%, 34%, and 46% of the variation in optimism, mental health, and self-rated health, respectively, with the remainder due to non-shared environmental factors"

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.

Mental disorders

2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

"Pooled heritability estimates were as follows: bipolar disorder (85%), schizophrenia (81%), Alzheimer's disease (75%), cocaine use disorder (72%), anorexia nervosa (60%), alcohol dependence (56%), sedative use disorder (51%), cannabis use disorder (48%), panic disorder (43%), stimulant use disorder (40%), major depressive disorder (37%), and generalized anxiety disorder (28%)."

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.

Alcoholism and drug addiction

2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

"Alcoholism and drug addiction are common mental disorders with a heritability of about 50%"

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.

Religiosity

2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

"In adulthood, genetic factors explained 44% of the variance in current religiosity"

Even faith is partly genetic.

Education and income

2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

"Corresponding heritability estimates were 0.54 for education, 0.37 for occupational status, and 0.18 for income"

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

"In low-income families, 60% of IQ variance is explained by shared environment, while the contribution of genes is close to zero; in affluent families the result is almost the opposite"

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.

Mortality after 80

2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

"Our results confirmed low heritability at 12%... Longer survival was associated with female sex, absence of the APOE e4 allele (Alzheimer's gene), and not smoking... Social engagement, better self-rated health, and life satisfaction were also significantly associated with longer survival"

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.

Environmental factors that change heritability

2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

"Heritability was lower for formal daycare and under lower socioeconomic status... The decrease in heritability was explained by greater environmental influence, not by a decrease in genetic variation"

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

"However, in children from low socioeconomic status families, differences in cortical structure were less genetically linked and more strongly linked to the environment, sometimes exceeding the genetic contribution. These results suggest that under socioeconomic disadvantage, children's brain structure reflects lived experience more strongly than previously thought"

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.

Calculation across all items

Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.

Calculation only by biological indicators

Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment

Calculation by the most important indicators

Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%

If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%

Conclusion

I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

NotFun · Friday at 5:23 AM

mirin

bogaboga · Friday at 5:24 AM

Slavurik · Friday at 5:25 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

dnr but mirin' for the effort

P. S. I will read later

kewerest · Friday at 5:27 AM

bogaboga said:
Dnr

Slavurik said:
dnr but mirin' for the effort

P. S. I will read later

At the end of the thread, all final values are highlighted

Mooks Laxx · Friday at 5:27 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

Its over

Slavurik · Friday at 5:28 AM

kewerest said:
At the end of the thread, all final values are highlighted

Отправишь мне может русскую версию?

vexiz · Friday at 5:29 AM

Good thread bro

kewerest · Friday at 5:30 AM

Slavurik said:
Отправишь мне может русскую версию?

Я её сейчас выложу в наш сабфорум

sasha108 · Friday at 5:41 AM

kewerest · Friday at 5:54 AM

fantom0726 · Friday at 6:00 AM

w for the high effort

kewerest · Friday at 6:47 AM

kewerest · Friday at 7:15 AM

Woodly · Friday at 7:29 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

Yooo High iq post

h82love · Friday at 7:40 AM

highest iq in the universe

scuderia · Friday at 7:43 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

Good thread

crazy that even faith is genetic

BarniJBG · Friday at 7:44 AM

б

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

бамп

Ldar09867 · Friday at 7:44 AM

TLDR: It was over by the time of conception

Sköll12 · Friday at 7:45 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

so im already 80 percent in disadvantage

loknera · Friday at 7:47 AM

Majklos · Friday at 7:47 AM

great thread man, very brutal

ØUROBOROS · Friday at 7:50 AM

Very interesting and fun thread to read deserves BOTB

justwantlove · Friday at 7:53 AM

mirin as always

hypothalamus · Friday at 7:59 AM

deserves BOTB, mirin

BloodLustedVamp · Friday at 8:00 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

mirin

russian grey · Friday at 8:09 AM

mirin

69FutureChad69 · Friday at 8:12 AM

what does iq part mean explain pls

kewerest · Friday at 8:19 AM

69FutureChad69 said:
what does iq part mean explain pls

The heritability of intelligence increases with age. In infants, genes explain about 20% of the differences, while in adults - already 80%. The older you get, the more your iq is determined by genetics

needsinjury · Friday at 8:27 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

Mirin tbh

Dydargas_ · Friday at 8:30 AM

mirin + bump

69FutureChad69 · Friday at 8:35 AM

kewerest said:
The heritability of intelligence increases with age. In infants, genes explain about 20% of the differences, while in adults - already 80%. The older you get, the more your iq is determined by genetics

ok thx. What about the environment. does it basically mean that with shitty living conditions you can be high iq by genes but you won’t get to the full potential. and when rich you have good food etc. and that’s why iq is just genetic then because your healthy already.

Emancipator · Friday at 8:36 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

mirin

kewerest · Friday at 8:45 AM

69FutureChad69 said:
ok thx. What about the environment. does it basically mean that with shitty living conditions you can be high iq by genes but you won’t get to the full potential. and when rich you have good food etc. and that’s why iq is just genetic then because your healthy already.

Yes, you understood it correctly. Just to clarify: in a rich environment, iq doesn t become purely genetic. It's just that genes start to play a bigger role than environment. But environment still matters - its contribution just becomes smaller.

jr49506 · Friday at 8:47 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

wowww

Nice

Posted at a fresh 6:00 am

code80 · Friday at 8:48 AM

hopesty · Friday at 9:09 AM

m1zzeronok · Friday at 9:18 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

holy effort +rep

m1zzeronok · Friday at 9:18 AM

m1zzeronok · Friday at 9:18 AM

m1zzeronok · Friday at 9:21 AM

@Mods botb it asap

m1zzeronok · Friday at 9:33 AM

doubleR · Friday at 10:19 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

Mirin

crazyshaylen · Friday at 10:33 AM

fuckinnggg bump botb

krispi1 · Friday at 10:37 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

bump

akumaytt · Friday at 10:46 AM

Mirin

CountPrescient · Friday at 10:47 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

dnr + water

Antide314 · Friday at 10:51 AM

czechsub3 · Friday at 11:07 AM

kewerest said:
View attachment 5738412

I asked myself: how much does genetics determine life if you average it across all studies? While searching, I came across a meta-analysis of virtually all work on this subject. It says heritability is 49%. But I still decided to roughly estimate the average from other studies to check whether the result converges.
Meta-analysis of all twin studies
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3285#Bib1
Meta-analysis of 2,748 publications, 14,558,903 twin pairs. All twin studies over 50 years.

Everything measurable in a human is on average 49% heritable.
And another important point:

Only unique environment works - what happened only to you.
Height and weight
2023 study, 214 twin pairs aged 3–18:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36635383/

Another study, 2012, 12,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22347368/

View attachment 5733346

Another one, 2024, twin study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39072540/

View attachment 5733348

Meta-analysis 2024, 560,000 pairs of relatives:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39564936/

The body is almost entirely genetics.
Face
1998 study, 79 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9770105/#1

2022 study, 98 twin pairs, age up to 17:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35014186/#1

2013 study, 21 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24501696/#1

Meta-analysis 2019, 18,032 people in total:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31763980/#1
Locus - the place where a gene is located.

2025 study, 11,662 people:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40670343/#1

Not surprising, but the face is also almost entirely genetics.
Personality
2025 study, 1,914 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40088417/

Another study, 2018, 2,796 twins aged 19–46:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30392478/

Character is half-set.
IQ
2015 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25224258/

View attachment 5733350

A meta-analysis of 11,000 twin pairs shows that the heritability of intelligence increases significantly from childhood (age 9) to adolescence (age 12) and to young adulthood (age 17)
2003 study, twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

This means that in a poor environment IQ almost does not depend on genes, while in a rich one it is the opposite. The heritability of IQ depends on the environment.
Self-control
2019 meta-analysis, 30,000 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30822436/

60% of self-control is genetics.
Optimism
2009 study, 3,053 twins over 50:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19618259/

The baseline level of optimism is genetics.
Mental disorders
2013 review of twin studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20459884/

View attachment 5733354

Predisposition to mental disorders is largely genetic.
Alcoholism and drug addiction
2012 meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22367454/

Predisposition to alcoholism and drug addiction is half genetics.
Religiosity
2019 study, 273 twin pairs, mean age 33:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15745438/

Even faith is partly genetic.
Education and income
2017 study, 1,100 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28606205/

2003 study:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14629696/

In a poor environment genes almost do not decide - the environment does. In a rich one it is different.
Mortality after 80
2021 study, 699 twin pairs:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34630233/

View attachment 5733355

Heritability of longevity is 12%. The rest is environment and lifestyle.
Environmental factors that change heritability
2014 study, 18,932 twins:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24878694/

2025 study, 9,080 children:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41282851/

In a poor environment genes decide little, in a rich one - a lot.
Calculation across all items
Average values:
Height: 80 and 94 - (80 + 94) : 2 = 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 71, 66, 62, 70, 66, 65, 55, 84 - (71 + 66 + 62 + 70 + 66 + 65 + 55 + 84) : 8 = 67.4%
Personality: 44.4 and 40 (48 + 35 + 37 = 120 : 3 = 40) - (44.4 + 40) : 2 = 42.2%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 85, 81, 75, 72, 60, 56, 51, 48, 43, 40, 37, 28
85 + 81 + 75 + 72 + 60 + 56 + 51 + 48 + 43 + 40 + 37 + 28 = 676
676 : 12 = 56.3%
Alcoholism and drug addiction: 50%
Religiosity: 44%
Education: 54%
Income: 18%
Occupational status: 37%
Longevity (after 80): 12%
87 + 65 + 67,4 + 42,2 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56,3 + 50 + 44 + 54 + 18 + 37 + 12 = 708,9
Number of items = 14
708.9 : 14 = 50.6%
50.6% genetics. 49.3% - environment.
Calculation only by biological indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
Self-control: 60%
Optimism: 36%
Mental disorders: 56.3%
Alcoholism: 50%
Longevity: 12%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 + 60 + 36 + 56.3 + 50 + 12 = 513.7
513.7 : 9 = 57.1%
57.1% genetics. 42.9% - environment
Calculation by the most important indicators
Height: 87%
BMI: 65%
Face: 67.4%
IQ: 80%
87 + 65 + 67.4 + 80 = 299.4
299.4 : 4 = 74.85%
If remove BMI:
Height: 87
Face: 67.4
IQ: 80
87 + 67.4 + 80 = 234.4
234.4 : 3 = 78.13%
Conclusion
I did quite a lot of calculations. I replaced studies a million times because they gave me almost nothing. But every time I put it all together, the result ended up in roughly the same range: 50.4–51.4%.

I understand these are averages and that in different cases everything is different. Somewhere genetics decides almost everything, somewhere almost nothing. But if you take everything together, it turns out that genetics determines slightly more than half of life across all indicators.

In the end, I got four numbers: 50.6% - across all items, 57.1% - purely biological, 74.85% - by the most important ones, and 78.13% - by the most-most important ones, which have a huge influence on your entire life.

A huge meta-analysis says that on average genetics influences life by no more than 49%. If you're reading this, then most likely genetics has influenced most of your life. And far from for the better.

This is a translation of my thread from my language into English. Errors are possible.
@sasha108 @fantom0726 @trav191 @NotFun @tomacōck
DNR = FAGGOT

View attachment 5738427

Bump nigger

NotFun · Friday at 1:00 PM

How much does genetics determine your life — research and calculations

kewerest

𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐠𝐲𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐭

Meta-analysis of all twin studies​

Height and weight​

Face​

Personality​

IQ​

Self-control​

Optimism​

Mental disorders​

Alcoholism and drug addiction​

Religiosity​

Education and income​

Mortality after 80​

Environmental factors that change heritability​

Calculation across all items​

Calculation only by biological indicators​

Calculation by the most important indicators​

Conclusion​

NotFun

Luminary

bogaboga

Gold

Slavurik

Gigachad

Meta-analysis of all twin studies​

Height and weight​

Face​

Personality​

IQ​

Self-control​

Optimism​

Mental disorders​

Alcoholism and drug addiction​

Religiosity​

Education and income​

Mortality after 80​

Environmental factors that change heritability​

Calculation across all items​

Calculation only by biological indicators​

Calculation by the most important indicators​

Conclusion​

kewerest

𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐠𝐲𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐭

Mooks Laxx

BP is when Black Parade

Meta-analysis of all twin studies​

Height and weight​

Face​

Personality​

IQ​

Self-control​

Optimism​

Mental disorders​

Alcoholism and drug addiction​

Religiosity​

Education and income​

Mortality after 80​

Environmental factors that change heritability​

Calculation across all items​

Calculation only by biological indicators​

Calculation by the most important indicators​

Conclusion​

Slavurik

Gigachad

vexiz

Dead

kewerest

𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐠𝐲𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐭

sasha108

Fuchsia

kewerest

𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐠𝐲𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐭

fantom0726

𝕯𝕿𝕯

kewerest

𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐠𝐲𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐭

kewerest

𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐠𝐲𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐭

Meta-analysis of all twin studies

Height and weight

Face

Personality

IQ

Self-control

Optimism

Mental disorders

Alcoholism and drug addiction

Religiosity

Education and income

Mortality after 80

Environmental factors that change heritability

Calculation across all items

Calculation only by biological indicators

Calculation by the most important indicators

Conclusion

Meta-analysis of all twin studies

Height and weight

Face

Personality

IQ

Self-control

Optimism

Mental disorders

Alcoholism and drug addiction

Religiosity

Education and income

Mortality after 80

Environmental factors that change heritability

Calculation across all items

Calculation only by biological indicators

Calculation by the most important indicators

Conclusion

Meta-analysis of all twin studies

Height and weight

Face

Personality

IQ

Self-control

Optimism

Mental disorders

Alcoholism and drug addiction

Religiosity

Education and income

Mortality after 80

Environmental factors that change heritability

Calculation across all items

Calculation only by biological indicators

Calculation by the most important indicators

Conclusion

Meta-analysis of all twin studies

Height and weight

Face

Personality

IQ

Self-control

Optimism

Mental disorders

Alcoholism and drug addiction

Religiosity

Education and income

Mortality after 80

Environmental factors that change heritability

Calculation across all items

Calculation only by biological indicators

Calculation by the most important indicators

Conclusion

Meta-analysis of all twin studies

Height and weight

Face

Personality

IQ

Self-control

Optimism

Mental disorders

Alcoholism and drug addiction

Religiosity

Education and income

Mortality after 80