List all the peptides that affect bones

[JesusChristisLord]

Let's compile a list of all peptides that affect bones in any way, including lesser-known ones and briefly explain how they work.

 

[Adyta69]

Peptides that affect bones (Clinically Proven)​

1. Teriparatide (PTH 1–34)​

Neer et al., NEJM (2001)
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM200111013451801
“stimulates new bone formation and increases bone mineral density”

Effect:

• Strong osteoblast activation (bone formation)
• Increases bone mineral density
• Reduces vertebral and non-vertebral fractures

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2. Abaloparatide (PTHrP analog)​

Miller et al., NEJM (2016) (ACTIVE trial)

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1605045

“increased bone mineral density and reduced the risk of vertebral fractures”

Effect:

• Stimulates PTH1 receptor signaling
• Increases bone formation more selectively than resorption
• Reduces fracture risk in osteoporosis

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3. Calcitonin​

Chesnut et al., NEJM (1995)
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199506013322202
“calcitonin inhibits bone resorption”

Effect:

• Inhibits osteoclasts
• Reduces bone resorption
• Modest clinical effect compared to modern therapies

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4. BMP-2 / BMP-7 (Bone Morphogenetic Proteins)​

Wozney, Science (1992)

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1731513

“induction of new bone formation”

Effect:

• Directly induces mesenchymal stem cells → osteoblasts
• Can trigger ectopic bone formation in vivo
• One of the strongest known osteogenic signals

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5. PTH-related peptide (PTHrP)​

Amizuka et al., NEJM-linked skeletal biology studies
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199609053351004
“activation of the receptor for parathyroid hormone–related peptide regulates skeletal development”

Effect:

• Regulates growth plate cartilage development
• Essential for normal skeletal growth
• Controls bone elongation and remodeling

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6. CGRP (Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide)​

Cornish et al., Bone & Mineral Research literature
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8726390/
“stimulates insulin-like growth factor I production by osteoblasts”

Effect:

• Neuro-osteogenic signaling molecule
• Supports osteoblast activity
• Indirect role in bone formation via IGF-1 pathways

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Short form:

• Clinically proven bone-building peptides: Teriparatide, Abaloparatide
• Anti-resorptive peptide: Calcitonin (limited potency)
• Strong developmental/experimental regulators: BMPs, PTHrP
• Neuro-regulatory support role: CGRP