How to properly use GHK-Cu

[tyronmaxxing]

Cool and awesome thread. Now just where to find Betaine-Tartaric Acid (BetTar) based GHK-Cu solution.

 

[Pop23]

Gonna add tiny amount to my minoxidil to reap the benefits faster.

 

[xuzky]

looks like cope to me

 

[JohnDoe]

Wow how did I miss this thread... nice job I had some questions regarding copper peptides too

 

[muragoat]

just suck it up and pay the price, it was the cheapest one I found anyway.

are you still using ghk cu in PBS

 

[Neucher]

Does it say anywhere how often and how much you should inject?

 

[a55]

Does it say anywhere how often and how much you should inject?

for optimal use 2mg 5 days a week and 2 day break after then repeat

 

[Prettyboymog]

Wouldnt this darken the iris colour, as added coppe would deposit into the iris and therefore it mate darken, also is inhibits the tgf1b pathway and that would also darken the iris colour?

 

[maxmaxxer]

https://hvyresearch.com/product/bacteriostatic-water-with-pbs/
Pretty sure the risk of infection would be pretty high with a typical distilled water PBS solution. Wouldn't be able to keep it for more than a couple days once opened (without re-sterilizing). IDK though. + mayb the bac water would fucc the benefits of PBS.

No, GHK-Cu reconstituted in PBS would not be more likely to cause infections than GHK-Cu reconstituted in bacteriostatic water. In fact, the opposite is generally true.
Here's why:
* Sterility: Both bacteriostatic water and properly prepared PBS should be sterile. Sterility is the primary factor in preventing injection-related infections. If either solution is contaminated, it could lead to infection, but this is a problem with the preparation of the solution, not the solution itself.
* Bacteriostatic Water's Preservative: Bacteriostatic water contains a preservative (usually benzyl alcohol) that inhibits bacterial growth. This offers an extra layer of protection against contamination after the vial is opened and multiple uses are drawn from it. PBS does not contain such a preservative.
* PBS's Buffering Capacity: PBS is designed to maintain a stable pH. This is important for the stability of the GHK-Cu and also helps to minimize irritation at the injection site. A stable pH is less likely to create an environment conducive to bacterial growth. Fluctuations in pH can sometimes make solutions more susceptible to contamination.
* Osmolality: PBS is also formulated to be isotonic, meaning it has the same salt concentration as bodily fluids. This makes it less irritating to tissues and less likely to cause cell damage, which can sometimes create entry points for infection. Bacteriostatic water is not necessarily isotonic.
Key takeaway: The risk of infection is primarily related to the sterility of the solution and proper injection technique. Bacteriostatic water has a slight advantage after the vial is opened due to the preservative, but a properly prepared and handled PBS solution is not more likely to cause infection. In fact, its buffering capacity and isotonicity could potentially make it less irritating and therefore less likely to contribute to conditions that might make infection more likely.

 

[a55]

https://hvyresearch.com/product/bacteriostatic-water-with-pbs/
Pretty sure the risk of infection would be pretty high with a typical distilled water PBS solution. Wouldn't be able to keep it for more than a couple days once opened (without re-sterilizing). IDK though. + mayb the bac water would fucc the benefits of PBS.

No, GHK-Cu reconstituted in PBS would not be more likely to cause infections than GHK-Cu reconstituted in bacteriostatic water. In fact, the opposite is generally true.
Here's why:
* Sterility: Both bacteriostatic water and properly prepared PBS should be sterile. Sterility is the primary factor in preventing injection-related infections. If either solution is contaminated, it could lead to infection, but this is a problem with the preparation of the solution, not the solution itself.
* Bacteriostatic Water's Preservative: Bacteriostatic water contains a preservative (usually benzyl alcohol) that inhibits bacterial growth. This offers an extra layer of protection against contamination after the vial is opened and multiple uses are drawn from it. PBS does not contain such a preservative.
* PBS's Buffering Capacity: PBS is designed to maintain a stable pH. This is important for the stability of the GHK-Cu and also helps to minimize irritation at the injection site. A stable pH is less likely to create an environment conducive to bacterial growth. Fluctuations in pH can sometimes make solutions more susceptible to contamination.
* Osmolality: PBS is also formulated to be isotonic, meaning it has the same salt concentration as bodily fluids. This makes it less irritating to tissues and less likely to cause cell damage, which can sometimes create entry points for infection. Bacteriostatic water is not necessarily isotonic.
Key takeaway: The risk of infection is primarily related to the sterility of the solution and proper injection technique. Bacteriostatic water has a slight advantage after the vial is opened due to the preservative, but a properly prepared and handled PBS solution is not more likely to cause infection. In fact, its buffering capacity and isotonicity could potentially make it less irritating and therefore less likely to contribute to conditions that might make infection more likely.

No he is right, BAC water is safer than PBS. PBS fucks BAC in terms of effectiveness though.
PBS won't inhibit bacterial growth so generally after opening it won't be sterile after a while. I have no idea on the safety of it

 

[ZAATOP4]

GHK-Cu, on paper, seems to be the single best looksmaxxing compound there is (perfect skin, anti-aging, surgery recovery, neurogenesis⁹,¹¹ etc)¹, yet no one seems to be reaping any of its benefits. What’s even more bizarre is that injection-related pain is massively reported, more consistently so than its supposed benefits².

Quickly, Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine (GHK) is a tripeptide isolated from human plasma³, which possesses a high affinity for copper (II) ions, with which it spontaneously forms a complex (GHK-Cu). GHK alone has been shown to be responsible for the collagen boost⁴ and no injection-related pain has been reported with it⁵, so go for it if you want but it's the added copper that is responsible for this myriad of blessings;

EXAMPLES :
The complex, unlike GHK alone, helps activate matrix metalloproteinases, which break down damaged tissue so it can be replaced with healthy tissue⁶.

View attachment 3275853

OR

Compositions of copper (II) containing compounds have been show to accelerate the healing of wounds in warm-blooded animals, and more specifically the systemic loading of copper (II) compounds to accelerate the rate of wound healing following injury or surgery to warm-blooded animals.⁷

View attachment 3275859


; ...and consequently what seems to cause tissue damage during injection.


If we look at the cayman chemicals reviews of the molecules in question :


View attachment 3275820View attachment 3275821


The main differences are the addition of a copper atom and a significantly worse solubility profile, which suggests a causal relationship between these two differences (meaning that the added copper induces the worse solubility).

In fact, we know that metals are gay

Spoiler: Gay

Gay meaning they have different bonding properties vs carbon, oxygen, etc (this whole field of gay metals is “inorganic chemistry”) The reason for this is that metals basically have up to ten relevant electrons , which have comically complex geometries, are much larger (radius) and less bound to the nucelus

View attachment 3275870

Simply, they like to move a lot, they're playful building blocks that like to change and mix , while other atoms are stronger and stick together better, other atoms, like those in water or air, are like super strong blocks that hold together really well. They don’t like to change as much, so they are usually more stable.




Seriously, metals require ions to stabilize in various contexts, primarily due to their tendency to lose electrons and form positive charges, the ions in PBS can neutralize the positive charge of the copper ions, reducing the likelihood of oxidation or other reactions that would destabilize the copper. PBS also maintains a stable pH, which is important for keeping copper in its soluble form. In bac water or regular saline, changes in pH can lead to precipitation or oxidation of copper ions. (5 to 7 for bac and reg saline vs 7.2 to 7.4 for Phosphate Buffered Saline)

Hence why GHK-Cu needs PBS (again because the ionic solution (has a lot of ions) stabilizes the added copper), otherwise the copper-nitrogen bonds are likely to break.
View attachment 3276079


The common folk seems to be dissolving GHK-Cu in Bac Water since that is the usual commercially available and promoted solvent for peptides².
However, Bac Water has a lower ion concentration than PBS (which makes the copper less likely to be stable), I hypothesize that the pain comes from the free copper atoms raping your tissues (not fully understood).

View attachment 3275864

Injection solutions :

Phosphate Buffered Saline :

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1172/JCI116842

View attachment 3275998

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.22831

View attachment 3276003

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00606.x

View attachment 3276026


i.e. what is mostly used in studies and what is recommended by CaymanChem

Making PBS at home looks annoying af so just fucking buy it : https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/product/sigma/d8537

WORKS AND STABLE



Normale saline (0.9% saline) :

https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37163377/Massey_Patt_Aoust_The_Effect_of_GHK-Cu_on_the_Healing_of_Diabet_Ulcers_A_Pilot_Sutyd_WOUNDS_4_21-28_1992-libre.PDF?1427753974=&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMassey_Patt_Aoust_The_Effect_of_GHK_Cu_o.pdf&Expires=1730648621&Signature=bEi6x2QXzs~nLvVNqdEnYmv7~ruaYJ3wGxGnHPUBnbcUmupFy9OMJu7w2M8FOsNd6ksfpzr4TNj-7184G5MT1rk224QmlJ37S6yYnjzsLTWhqjIZqtcp~Lsf6Qy~xxDEnhMbmh~DjIE891q1xoUH4l6V73w5kDgB3C-e~V06E1gnd9vJi0sdDLj5Eo0gGSVBWxV3fF2IF7cfHo9l36YXHJgRoFpOyyYKZjlF3rN-dWJ6C7VRRq8iAz8YgtCExeNyzDJA0l0HYIjE5xS65171U10rPPBRcZ5aOFzhieuFk7awwfSbKg5COwUvLmUzf9RyiTSZKci8BhSDDSbQYj6h-A__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA

Direct on-site injection tho

View attachment 3276031


View attachment 3276018View attachment 3276019

WORKS BUT THEORETICALLY NOT STABLE, since the PH will be too low

You'd need to adjsut it yourself⁷

View attachment 3276064

BAC WATER :

DOESN'T WORK (YOU ONLY GET GHK AND INJECTION SITE DAMAGE)²




Topical :

Topical formulations of GHKcu have been developed and are effective

BetTar:

The best one (both low-cost, most effective and most stable) being Bet Tar which is a recent (2023) chinese developped ionic-liquid-based delivery vehicle composed of betaine and tartaric acid

View attachment 3276085

View attachment 3276086
View attachment 3276090

Stable as fuck :
View attachment 3276087

PDI is dispersity

I will be attaching the papers⁸ in case President Xi takes them down

Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel embedded with GHK peptide nanofibers : ( )

Works af for direct wound healing

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1742706123006116

View attachment 3276113

YES BRO I WILL TOTALLY MAKE THIS jfl

View attachment 3276114


THERE ARE 8 BILLION GOOD TOPICAL ways but WE CAN NOT MAKE/BUY any of these

This was good for wound closure but go figure how they made it

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1994.20406.x

View attachment 3276058View attachment 3276117

Concering DMSO :

IT DOESN'T WORK (IT'S EVEN LESS STABLE THAN BAC WATER since it has less ions (water (bac water) has H+ and OH- (water)))

These niggas tried to study its structure while dissolving it in DMSO¹⁰ : https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/0162-0134(89)84011-5, which gave them completly retarded results "under their conditions"

Metals in general seem to be struggling in DMSO
View attachment 3276159

Goodluck rabbitholemaxxing this

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/j.ccr.2004.02.005

TLDR :



- RECONSTITUTE GHK-Cu IN PBS or DPBS (which you can buy) and inject it daily

- BUY and RECONSTITUTE GHK IN BAC WATER IF YOU ONLY WANT COLLAGEN BOOST AND EASE OF USE and inject it daily

- TRY TO MAKE a [Bet] [Tar] GHK-Cu Topical Liquid Solution, if you want, for when you can't inject or as first-aid

Spoiler: Tags

@Hexmask @N1666 @Clavicular @NorwoodAscender @meathead

¹Pickart, L., & Margolina, A. (2018). Regenerative and protective actions of the GHK-Cu peptide in the light of the new gene data. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(7), https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6073405/pdf/ijms-19-01987.pdf
²
³Pickart L, Thaler MM. Tripeptide in human serum which prolongs survival of normal liver cells and stimulates growth in neoplastic liver. Nat New Biol. 1973 May 16;243(124):85-7. PMID: 4349963.
⁴Maquart, F.-X., Pickart, L., Laurent, M., Gillery, P., Monboisse, J.-C., & Borel, J.-P. (1988). Stimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu²⁺. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 238(2), 343-346. https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/0014-5793(88)80509-X
⁵ Google it and add Reddit and various forums to the key-words
⁶Siméon, A., Emonard, H., Hornebeck, W., & Maquart, F.-X. (2000). The tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu²⁺ stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression by fibroblast cultures. Life Sciences, 67(20), 2257-2265. https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/S0024-3205(00)00803-1
⁷ Pickart, L. R. (1992). Method of using copper(II) containing compounds to accelerate wound healing (U.S. Patent No. 5164367). U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/28/c1/c7/6fb3bbcf61becb/US5164367.pdf
⁸Liu, T., Hu, L., Lu, B., Bo, Y., Liao, Y., Zhan, J., Pei, Y., Sun, H., Wang, Z., Guo, C., & Zhang, J. (2023). A novel delivery vehicle for copper peptides. New Journal of Chemistry https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/nj/d2nj04282g#fn1
⁹L. Pickart, in BioIogy of Copper Complexes, J. R. C. Sorenson, Ed., Human Press, Clifton, NJ, 1987, pp. 273-285 (https://library.lol/main/04A4B0236383B58B30E1AF569542355F), neurogenesis also mentionned here¹⁰
¹⁰Antholine, W. E., Petering, D. H., & Pickart, L. (1989). ESR studies of the interaction of copper(II) GHK, histidine, and Ehrlich cells. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 35(2), U-224
¹¹Pickart, L., Vasquez-Soltero, J. M., & Margolina, A. (2012). The human tripeptide GHK-Cu in prevention of oxidative stress and degenerative conditions of aging: Implications for cognitive health. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2012, Article ID 324832. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/324832

what if i don’t want to inject, will i also get some benefits ?

 

[getratioedbozo]

GHK-Cu, on paper, seems to be the single best looksmaxxing compound there is (perfect skin, anti-aging, surgery recovery, neurogenesis⁹,¹¹ etc)¹, yet no one seems to be reaping any of its benefits. What’s even more bizarre is that injection-related pain is massively reported, more consistently so than its supposed benefits².

Quickly, Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine (GHK) is a tripeptide isolated from human plasma³, which possesses a high affinity for copper (II) ions, with which it spontaneously forms a complex (GHK-Cu). GHK alone has been shown to be responsible for the collagen boost⁴ and no injection-related pain has been reported with it⁵, so go for it if you want but it's the added copper that is responsible for this myriad of blessings;

EXAMPLES :
The complex, unlike GHK alone, helps activate matrix metalloproteinases, which break down damaged tissue so it can be replaced with healthy tissue⁶.

View attachment 3275853

OR

Compositions of copper (II) containing compounds have been show to accelerate the healing of wounds in warm-blooded animals, and more specifically the systemic loading of copper (II) compounds to accelerate the rate of wound healing following injury or surgery to warm-blooded animals.⁷

View attachment 3275859


; ...and consequently what seems to cause tissue damage during injection.


If we look at the cayman chemicals reviews of the molecules in question :


View attachment 3275820View attachment 3275821


The main differences are the addition of a copper atom and a significantly worse solubility profile, which suggests a causal relationship between these two differences (meaning that the added copper induces the worse solubility).

In fact, we know that metals are gay

Spoiler: Gay

Gay meaning they have different bonding properties vs carbon, oxygen, etc (this whole field of gay metals is “inorganic chemistry”) The reason for this is that metals basically have up to ten relevant electrons , which have comically complex geometries, are much larger (radius) and less bound to the nucelus

View attachment 3275870

Simply, they like to move a lot, they're playful building blocks that like to change and mix , while other atoms are stronger and stick together better, other atoms, like those in water or air, are like super strong blocks that hold together really well. They don’t like to change as much, so they are usually more stable.




Seriously, metals require ions to stabilize in various contexts, primarily due to their tendency to lose electrons and form positive charges, the ions in PBS can neutralize the positive charge of the copper ions, reducing the likelihood of oxidation or other reactions that would destabilize the copper. PBS also maintains a stable pH, which is important for keeping copper in its soluble form. In bac water or regular saline, changes in pH can lead to precipitation or oxidation of copper ions. (5 to 7 for bac and reg saline vs 7.2 to 7.4 for Phosphate Buffered Saline)

Hence why GHK-Cu needs PBS (again because the ionic solution (has a lot of ions) stabilizes the added copper), otherwise the copper-nitrogen bonds are likely to break.
View attachment 3276079


The common folk seems to be dissolving GHK-Cu in Bac Water since that is the usual commercially available and promoted solvent for peptides².
However, Bac Water has a lower ion concentration than PBS (which makes the copper less likely to be stable), I hypothesize that the pain comes from the free copper atoms raping your tissues (not fully understood).

View attachment 3275864

Injection solutions :

Phosphate Buffered Saline :

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1172/JCI116842

View attachment 3275998

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.22831

View attachment 3276003

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00606.x

View attachment 3276026


i.e. what is mostly used in studies and what is recommended by CaymanChem

Making PBS at home looks annoying af so just fucking buy it : https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/product/sigma/d8537

WORKS AND STABLE



Normale saline (0.9% saline) :

https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37163377/Massey_Patt_Aoust_The_Effect_of_GHK-Cu_on_the_Healing_of_Diabet_Ulcers_A_Pilot_Sutyd_WOUNDS_4_21-28_1992-libre.PDF?1427753974=&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMassey_Patt_Aoust_The_Effect_of_GHK_Cu_o.pdf&Expires=1730648621&Signature=bEi6x2QXzs~nLvVNqdEnYmv7~ruaYJ3wGxGnHPUBnbcUmupFy9OMJu7w2M8FOsNd6ksfpzr4TNj-7184G5MT1rk224QmlJ37S6yYnjzsLTWhqjIZqtcp~Lsf6Qy~xxDEnhMbmh~DjIE891q1xoUH4l6V73w5kDgB3C-e~V06E1gnd9vJi0sdDLj5Eo0gGSVBWxV3fF2IF7cfHo9l36YXHJgRoFpOyyYKZjlF3rN-dWJ6C7VRRq8iAz8YgtCExeNyzDJA0l0HYIjE5xS65171U10rPPBRcZ5aOFzhieuFk7awwfSbKg5COwUvLmUzf9RyiTSZKci8BhSDDSbQYj6h-A__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA

Direct on-site injection tho

View attachment 3276031


View attachment 3276018View attachment 3276019

WORKS BUT THEORETICALLY NOT STABLE, since the PH will be too low

You'd need to adjsut it yourself⁷

View attachment 3276064

BAC WATER :

DOESN'T WORK (YOU ONLY GET GHK AND INJECTION SITE DAMAGE)²




Topical :

Topical formulations of GHKcu have been developed and are effective

BetTar:

The best one (both low-cost, most effective and most stable) being Bet Tar which is a recent (2023) chinese developped ionic-liquid-based delivery vehicle composed of betaine and tartaric acid

View attachment 3276085

View attachment 3276086
View attachment 3276090

Stable as fuck :
View attachment 3276087

PDI is dispersity

I will be attaching the papers⁸ in case President Xi takes them down

Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel embedded with GHK peptide nanofibers : ( )

Works af for direct wound healing

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1742706123006116

View attachment 3276113

YES BRO I WILL TOTALLY MAKE THIS jfl

View attachment 3276114


THERE ARE 8 BILLION GOOD TOPICAL ways but WE CAN NOT MAKE/BUY any of these

This was good for wound closure but go figure how they made it

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1994.20406.x

View attachment 3276058View attachment 3276117

Concering DMSO :

IT DOESN'T WORK (IT'S EVEN LESS STABLE THAN BAC WATER since it has less ions (water (bac water) has H+ and OH- (water)))

These niggas tried to study its structure while dissolving it in DMSO¹⁰ : https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/0162-0134(89)84011-5, which gave them completly retarded results "under their conditions"

Metals in general seem to be struggling in DMSO
View attachment 3276159

Goodluck rabbitholemaxxing this

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/j.ccr.2004.02.005

TLDR :



- RECONSTITUTE GHK-Cu IN PBS or DPBS (which you can buy) and inject it daily

- BUY and RECONSTITUTE GHK IN BAC WATER IF YOU ONLY WANT COLLAGEN BOOST AND EASE OF USE and inject it daily

- TRY TO MAKE a [Bet] [Tar] GHK-Cu Topical Liquid Solution, if you want, for when you can't inject or as first-aid

Spoiler: Tags

@Hexmask @N1666 @Clavicular @NorwoodAscender @meathead

¹Pickart, L., & Margolina, A. (2018). Regenerative and protective actions of the GHK-Cu peptide in the light of the new gene data. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(7), https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6073405/pdf/ijms-19-01987.pdf
²
³Pickart L, Thaler MM. Tripeptide in human serum which prolongs survival of normal liver cells and stimulates growth in neoplastic liver. Nat New Biol. 1973 May 16;243(124):85-7. PMID: 4349963.
⁴Maquart, F.-X., Pickart, L., Laurent, M., Gillery, P., Monboisse, J.-C., & Borel, J.-P. (1988). Stimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu²⁺. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 238(2), 343-346. https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/0014-5793(88)80509-X
⁵ Google it and add Reddit and various forums to the key-words
⁶Siméon, A., Emonard, H., Hornebeck, W., & Maquart, F.-X. (2000). The tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu²⁺ stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression by fibroblast cultures. Life Sciences, 67(20), 2257-2265. https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/S0024-3205(00)00803-1
⁷ Pickart, L. R. (1992). Method of using copper(II) containing compounds to accelerate wound healing (U.S. Patent No. 5164367). U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/28/c1/c7/6fb3bbcf61becb/US5164367.pdf
⁸Liu, T., Hu, L., Lu, B., Bo, Y., Liao, Y., Zhan, J., Pei, Y., Sun, H., Wang, Z., Guo, C., & Zhang, J. (2023). A novel delivery vehicle for copper peptides. New Journal of Chemistry https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/nj/d2nj04282g#fn1
⁹L. Pickart, in BioIogy of Copper Complexes, J. R. C. Sorenson, Ed., Human Press, Clifton, NJ, 1987, pp. 273-285 (https://library.lol/main/04A4B0236383B58B30E1AF569542355F), neurogenesis also mentionned here¹⁰
¹⁰Antholine, W. E., Petering, D. H., & Pickart, L. (1989). ESR studies of the interaction of copper(II) GHK, histidine, and Ehrlich cells. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 35(2), U-224
¹¹Pickart, L., Vasquez-Soltero, J. M., & Margolina, A. (2012). The human tripeptide GHK-Cu in prevention of oxidative stress and degenerative conditions of aging: Implications for cognitive health. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2012, Article ID 324832. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/324832

Fuck jews

 

[awesomemc101]

GHK-Cu, on paper, seems to be the single best looksmaxxing compound there is (perfect skin, anti-aging, surgery recovery, neurogenesis⁹,¹¹ etc)¹, yet no one seems to be reaping any of its benefits. What’s even more bizarre is that injection-related pain is massively reported, more consistently so than its supposed benefits².

Quickly, Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine (GHK) is a tripeptide isolated from human plasma³, which possesses a high affinity for copper (II) ions, with which it spontaneously forms a complex (GHK-Cu). GHK alone has been shown to be responsible for the collagen boost⁴ and no injection-related pain has been reported with it⁵, so go for it if you want but it's the added copper that is responsible for this myriad of blessings;

EXAMPLES :
The complex, unlike GHK alone, helps activate matrix metalloproteinases, which break down damaged tissue so it can be replaced with healthy tissue⁶.

View attachment 3275853

OR

Compositions of copper (II) containing compounds have been show to accelerate the healing of wounds in warm-blooded animals, and more specifically the systemic loading of copper (II) compounds to accelerate the rate of wound healing following injury or surgery to warm-blooded animals.⁷

View attachment 3275859


; ...and consequently what seems to cause tissue damage during injection.


If we look at the cayman chemicals reviews of the molecules in question :


View attachment 3275820View attachment 3275821


The main differences are the addition of a copper atom and a significantly worse solubility profile, which suggests a causal relationship between these two differences (meaning that the added copper induces the worse solubility).

In fact, we know that metals are gay

Spoiler: Gay

Gay meaning they have different bonding properties vs carbon, oxygen, etc (this whole field of gay metals is “inorganic chemistry”) The reason for this is that metals basically have up to ten relevant electrons , which have comically complex geometries, are much larger (radius) and less bound to the nucelus

View attachment 3275870

Simply, they like to move a lot, they're playful building blocks that like to change and mix , while other atoms are stronger and stick together better, other atoms, like those in water or air, are like super strong blocks that hold together really well. They don’t like to change as much, so they are usually more stable.




Seriously, metals require ions to stabilize in various contexts, primarily due to their tendency to lose electrons and form positive charges, the ions in PBS can neutralize the positive charge of the copper ions, reducing the likelihood of oxidation or other reactions that would destabilize the copper. PBS also maintains a stable pH, which is important for keeping copper in its soluble form. In bac water or regular saline, changes in pH can lead to precipitation or oxidation of copper ions. (5 to 7 for bac and reg saline vs 7.2 to 7.4 for Phosphate Buffered Saline)

Hence why GHK-Cu needs PBS (again because the ionic solution (has a lot of ions) stabilizes the added copper), otherwise the copper-nitrogen bonds are likely to break.
View attachment 3276079


The common folk seems to be dissolving GHK-Cu in Bac Water since that is the usual commercially available and promoted solvent for peptides².
However, Bac Water has a lower ion concentration than PBS (which makes the copper less likely to be stable), I hypothesize that the pain comes from the free copper atoms raping your tissues (not fully understood).

View attachment 3275864

Injection solutions :

Phosphate Buffered Saline :

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1172/JCI116842

View attachment 3275998

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jor.22831

View attachment 3276003

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1046/j.1523-1747.1999.00606.x

View attachment 3276026


i.e. what is mostly used in studies and what is recommended by CaymanChem

Making PBS at home looks annoying af so just fucking buy it : https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/product/sigma/d8537

WORKS AND STABLE



Normale saline (0.9% saline) :

https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37163377/Massey_Patt_Aoust_The_Effect_of_GHK-Cu_on_the_Healing_of_Diabet_Ulcers_A_Pilot_Sutyd_WOUNDS_4_21-28_1992-libre.PDF?1427753974=&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DMassey_Patt_Aoust_The_Effect_of_GHK_Cu_o.pdf&Expires=1730648621&Signature=bEi6x2QXzs~nLvVNqdEnYmv7~ruaYJ3wGxGnHPUBnbcUmupFy9OMJu7w2M8FOsNd6ksfpzr4TNj-7184G5MT1rk224QmlJ37S6yYnjzsLTWhqjIZqtcp~Lsf6Qy~xxDEnhMbmh~DjIE891q1xoUH4l6V73w5kDgB3C-e~V06E1gnd9vJi0sdDLj5Eo0gGSVBWxV3fF2IF7cfHo9l36YXHJgRoFpOyyYKZjlF3rN-dWJ6C7VRRq8iAz8YgtCExeNyzDJA0l0HYIjE5xS65171U10rPPBRcZ5aOFzhieuFk7awwfSbKg5COwUvLmUzf9RyiTSZKci8BhSDDSbQYj6h-A__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA

Direct on-site injection tho

View attachment 3276031


View attachment 3276018View attachment 3276019

WORKS BUT THEORETICALLY NOT STABLE, since the PH will be too low

You'd need to adjsut it yourself⁷

View attachment 3276064

BAC WATER :

DOESN'T WORK (YOU ONLY GET GHK AND INJECTION SITE DAMAGE)²




Topical :

Topical formulations of GHKcu have been developed and are effective

BetTar:

The best one (both low-cost, most effective and most stable) being Bet Tar which is a recent (2023) chinese developped ionic-liquid-based delivery vehicle composed of betaine and tartaric acid

View attachment 3276085

View attachment 3276086
View attachment 3276090

Stable as fuck :
View attachment 3276087

PDI is dispersity

I will be attaching the papers⁸ in case President Xi takes them down

Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel embedded with GHK peptide nanofibers : ( )

Works af for direct wound healing

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1742706123006116

View attachment 3276113

YES BRO I WILL TOTALLY MAKE THIS jfl

View attachment 3276114


THERE ARE 8 BILLION GOOD TOPICAL ways but WE CAN NOT MAKE/BUY any of these

This was good for wound closure but go figure how they made it

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1994.20406.x

View attachment 3276058View attachment 3276117

Concering DMSO :

IT DOESN'T WORK (IT'S EVEN LESS STABLE THAN BAC WATER since it has less ions (water (bac water) has H+ and OH- (water)))

These niggas tried to study its structure while dissolving it in DMSO¹⁰ : https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/0162-0134(89)84011-5, which gave them completly retarded results "under their conditions"

Metals in general seem to be struggling in DMSO
View attachment 3276159

Goodluck rabbitholemaxxing this

https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/j.ccr.2004.02.005

TLDR :



- RECONSTITUTE GHK-Cu IN PBS or DPBS (which you can buy) and inject it daily

- BUY and RECONSTITUTE GHK IN BAC WATER IF YOU ONLY WANT COLLAGEN BOOST AND EASE OF USE and inject it daily

- TRY TO MAKE a [Bet] [Tar] GHK-Cu Topical Liquid Solution, if you want, for when you can't inject or as first-aid

Spoiler: Tags

@Hexmask @N1666 @Clavicular @NorwoodAscender @meathead

¹Pickart, L., & Margolina, A. (2018). Regenerative and protective actions of the GHK-Cu peptide in the light of the new gene data. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(7), https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6073405/pdf/ijms-19-01987.pdf
²
³Pickart L, Thaler MM. Tripeptide in human serum which prolongs survival of normal liver cells and stimulates growth in neoplastic liver. Nat New Biol. 1973 May 16;243(124):85-7. PMID: 4349963.
⁴Maquart, F.-X., Pickart, L., Laurent, M., Gillery, P., Monboisse, J.-C., & Borel, J.-P. (1988). Stimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu²⁺. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 238(2), 343-346. https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/0014-5793(88)80509-X
⁵ Google it and add Reddit and various forums to the key-words
⁶Siméon, A., Emonard, H., Hornebeck, W., & Maquart, F.-X. (2000). The tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu²⁺ stimulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression by fibroblast cultures. Life Sciences, 67(20), 2257-2265. https://sci-hub.ru/10.1016/S0024-3205(00)00803-1
⁷ Pickart, L. R. (1992). Method of using copper(II) containing compounds to accelerate wound healing (U.S. Patent No. 5164367). U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/28/c1/c7/6fb3bbcf61becb/US5164367.pdf
⁸Liu, T., Hu, L., Lu, B., Bo, Y., Liao, Y., Zhan, J., Pei, Y., Sun, H., Wang, Z., Guo, C., & Zhang, J. (2023). A novel delivery vehicle for copper peptides. New Journal of Chemistry https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/nj/d2nj04282g#fn1
⁹L. Pickart, in BioIogy of Copper Complexes, J. R. C. Sorenson, Ed., Human Press, Clifton, NJ, 1987, pp. 273-285 (https://library.lol/main/04A4B0236383B58B30E1AF569542355F), neurogenesis also mentionned here¹⁰
¹⁰Antholine, W. E., Petering, D. H., & Pickart, L. (1989). ESR studies of the interaction of copper(II) GHK, histidine, and Ehrlich cells. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 35(2), U-224
¹¹Pickart, L., Vasquez-Soltero, J. M., & Margolina, A. (2012). The human tripeptide GHK-Cu in prevention of oxidative stress and degenerative conditions of aging: Implications for cognitive health. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2012, Article ID 324832. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/324832

What about oral??

 

[chadisbeingmade]

What about oral??

inject you pussy

 

[edodalic29]

What about oral??

There are oral , inject , and topical . I think oral pills are the least effective , topical after microneedling will be the most effective in this regard but i think injecting works better for more effective and instantaneous results .